Investigating Air Pollution Effects on the Developing Brain and ASD

研究空气污染对大脑发育和自闭症谱系障碍的影响

• 批准号: 9151877
• 负责人: HEATHER E VOLK
• 金额: $ 60.52万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-30 至 2021-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9151877
• 关键词: Adaptive Behaviors; Address; Age; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Area; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain imaging; Caliber; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Cognition; Cognitive; Collaborations; Corpus Callosum; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diffusion; Early Intervention; Enrollment; Environment; Environmental Epidemiology; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiologic Studies; Exhibits; Exposure to; Fiber; Funding; General Population; Genetic; Goals; Image; Individual; Infant; Intervention; Lead; Learning; Life; Liquid substance; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Morphology; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Nitrogen Dioxide; Particulate Matter; Phenotype; Property; Prospective Studies; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Risk Reduction; Role; Siblings; Statistical Methods; Structure; Study Subject; Study models; Surface; Time; Toxic Environmental Substances; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; autism spectrum disorder; autistic behaviour; behavior measurement; brain behavior; brain volume; clinical research site; cognitive development; critical period; disorder risk; early childhood; early life exposure; genetic variant; high risk infant; neuroimaging; prenatal; prevent; trait; white matter

Investigating Air Pollution Effects on the Developing Brain and ASD ABSTRACT The goal of this study is to examine the effect of prenatal and early life air pollution exposure on the developing brain, cognitive and adaptive function, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Dramatic changes in brain structure and function are well known in early life. The unfolding of autistic behaviors across the first few years of childhood is accompanied by age-specific brain changes that differ between children with ASD and those with typical developmental trajectories. Epidemiologic studies, including our own, suggest that air pollution exposure may increase the risk of ASD and other neurodevelopmental disorders. However, the effect of prenatal and early life air pollution exposure on brain structure and white matter integrity during early childhood has not been studied, though increasing numbers of epidemiologic studies support the presence of neurodevelopmental effects. Here we propose to examine the relationship between prenatal and early life air pollution exposure and longitudinal measures of brain structure and white matter integrity, cognitive and adaptive function, and ASD and related traits in the NIH-funded, Autism Centers of Excellence (ACE) Network Infant Brain Imaging Study (IBIS). IBIS is a unique network of four clinical sites that enroll infants at high or low familial risk for ASD, allowing for contrast of familial genetic influences. Standardized neuroimaging protocols, along with cognitive, behavior, and ASD assessments, were and are being conducted over regular intervals, creating a rich resource for the study of environmental exposures on the developing brain. We will leverage this valuable resource for the first prospective study of prenatal and early life air pollution effects on very early brain development. Specific aims are: (1) to examine the effect of prenatal and early life air pollution exposure on early longitudinal brain development; (2) to evaluate the effect of prenatal and early life air pollution exposure on the early trajectory of cognitive development and adaptive function; and (3) to assess the effect of prenatal and early life air pollution exposure on the development of ASD and dimensional characteristics of autism. Because air pollutant exposure is common and can be mitigated, the potential public health impact of this study is large. Additionally, identification of a risk factor in very young children provides the opportunity for early intervention where reduction of risk for disordered development is still possible.

研究空气污染对发展中的大脑和ASD的影响 抽象的 这项研究的目的是检查产前和早期生命空气污染对发展的影响 大脑，认知和适应性功能以及自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）。大脑的急剧变化 结构和功能在早期是众所周知的。最初几年的自闭症行为的发展 儿童时期伴随着特定年龄的大脑变化，而儿童与ASD和那些人之间的变化不同 具有典型的发展轨迹。流行病学研究（包括我们自己的）表明空气污染 暴露可能会增加ASD和其他神经发育障碍的风险。但是， 童年时期对大脑结构和白质完整性的产前和早期生命的空气污染暴露 尽管流行病学研究越来越多支持，但尚未研究 神经发育效应。在这里，我们建议检查产前和早期空气之间的关系 污染暴露和大脑结构和白质完整性的纵向测量，认知和 NIH资助的自闭症卓越中心（ACE）网络中的自适应功能以及ASD及其相关特征 婴儿脑成像研究（IBIS）。 IBIS是一个由四个临床部位组成的独特网络 ASD的家族风险，允许家族性遗传影响对比。标准化神经影像学方案， 随着认知，行为和ASD评估，正在定期进行，并且正在定期进行 创造了丰富的资源，以研究发展中大脑的环境暴露。我们将利用 这项有价值的资源是对产前和早期空气污染对早期产生影响的首次前瞻性研究 大脑发育。具体目的是：（1）检查产前和早期生命空气污染的影响 关于早期的纵向大脑发育； （2）评估产前和早期空气污染的影响 认知发展和适应功能的早期轨迹的暴露； （3）评估 产前和早期生命的空气污染暴露于ASD的发展和维度特征 自闭症。由于空气污染物的暴露是常见的，并且可以缓解，所以 这项研究很大。此外，识别很小的孩子的危险因素为 早期干预仍然有可能降低发育障碍的风险。