Mechanisms supporting encoding of self-referential and emotional information with age

随着年龄的增长，支持自我参照和情感信息编码的机制

• 批准号: 9177845
• 负责人: ANGELA GUTCHESS
• 金额: $ 25.23万
• 依托单位: BOSTON COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-30 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9177845
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Area; Arousal; Attention; Behavioral; Biological Preservation; Boston; Cognitive; Cognitive aging; Elderly; Electrophysiology (science); Emotional; Emotions; Equation; Event-Related Potentials; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Lateral; Lead; Learning; Life; Light; Literature; Longevity; Measures; Medial; Memory; Memory Loss; Methods; Modeling; Performance; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Psychologist; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Personnel; System; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Translating; Universities; Work; age effect; age group; age related; approach behavior; cognitive neuroscience; college; experience; frontal lobe; imaging modality; improved; information processing; insight; memory encoding; memory process; mid-career faculty; neural circuit; neuromechanism; professor; sustained attention; young adult

Project Summary Although advancing age affects the ability to encode information effectively, older adults remain able to remember emotionally arousing information and self-referential information better than other types of information. To date, these literatures have proceeded relatively independently, with little discussion of whether there are overlapping mechanisms that support the memory enhancements associated with emotional arousal and with self-referential processing. In fact, much research has proposed arousal-specific mechanisms or self-specific mechanisms that may support enhanced memory. The proposed research brings together two cognitive aging researchers with expertise in self-referential processing (Angela Gutchess) and emotional processing (Elizabeth Kensinger) and a quantitative psychologist with expertise in structural equation modeling and multi-level modeling (Ehri Ryu). The proposed research uses behavioral, event-related potential, and functional magnetic resonance imaging methods to test two main hypotheses. First, that there is a shared set of cognitive and neural mechanisms engaged for the encoding of self-referential information and emotional information (Aim 1). Second, that aging will preserve the recruitment of these mechanisms while disrupting many of the processes engaged during the encoding of neutral and non-self-referential information (Aim 2). By bringing together two domains of cognitive aging research that have traditionally proceeded independently, the proposed research is likely to shed new light on socioemotional processing and memory systems across the adult lifespan. Moreover, by focusing on areas of relatively preserved memory function with aging, the proposed research has the potential to elucidate the types of mechanisms that can be harnessed to maximally improve memory performance across the adult lifespan.

项目摘要 尽管增长年龄会影响有效编码信息的能力，但老年人 仍然能够记住情感上引起的信息和自我指出 信息比其他类型的信息更好。迄今为止，这些文献有 相对独立进行，几乎没有讨论是否有 重叠的机制支持与之相关的内存增强 情绪唤醒并进行自我指出的处理。实际上，很多研究已经 提议的唤醒特异性机制或可能支持的自我特异性机制 增强的内存。拟议的研究汇集了两个认知衰老 具有自指加工专业知识的研究人员（Angela Gutchess）和 情感处理（伊丽莎白·肯辛格）和一位定量心理学家 结构方程建模和多层建模（Ehri Ryu）方面的专业知识。这 拟议的研究使用行为，事件相关电位和功能磁性 共振成像方法检验两个主要假设。首先，有一个共享 参与自我参照的认知和神经机制集 信息和情感信息（目标1）。其次，衰老将保留 招募这些机制，同时破坏了许多过程 在编码中性和非自我参考信息期间（AIM 2）。通过带来 传统上进行的认知衰老研究的两个领域 独立地，拟议的研究很可能为社会情感奠定了新的启示 整个成人寿命的处理和记忆系统。而且，通过关注 相对保留的记忆功能随着衰老而保存的领域，拟议的研究具有 阐明可以最大程度地利用的机制类型的潜力 改善成人寿命的记忆力。