Development of a Rapid Survey to Detect Use of New and Emerging Drugs

开展快速调查以检测新药和新兴药物的使用情况

• 批准号: 9004616
• 负责人: Joseph J Palamar
• 金额: $ 18.5万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-02-15 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9004616
• 关键词: Address; Adverse effects; Age; Area; Award; Bathing; Biometry; Cities; Cocaine; Communities; Dancing; Data; Data Collection; Dedications; Development; Device or Instrument Development; Doctor of Philosophy; Documentation; Drug Monitoring; Drug usage; Emergency department visit; Environment; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Festival; Fostering; Frequencies; Future; Goals; Grant; Health; Illicit Drugs; Intention; Interdisciplinary Study; Interview; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Legal; Legal Status; Manuscripts; Marijuana; Mental Health; Mentors; Methodology; Methods; Monitor; New York; New York City; Overdose; Pattern; Peer Review; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phase; Population; Populations at Risk; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Psychotropic Drugs; Public Health; Publications; Qualitative Methods; Reliability of Results; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Safety; Salts; Sampling; Science; Scientist; Sentinel Surveillance; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; System; Time; Training; Universities; Validation; Validity of Results; adverse outcome; base; career development; club drug; design; experience; follow-up; high risk; illicit drug use; informant; insight; medical schools; metropolitan; mortality; next generation; novel therapeutics; population health; prevent; recreational drug use; research study; screening; skills; social stigma; symposium; synthetic marijuana; tool; trend; twelfth grade

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Mentored Scientist Career Development Award (K01) application proposes a five-year training plan to provide the Candidate with the necessary skills and experience for a future R01 submission and transition to independent research. The Candidate, Joseph J. Palamar, PhD, MPH, has shown dedication to public health through his research on drug use in New York City (NYC) and the stigma associated with recreational drug use. He has authored/coauthored 24 peer-reviewed manuscripts on the topic he seeks to investigate in this proposed project. The scientific objective of this application is to identify se and correlates of use of new and emerging drugs in venues which promote highest risk for use (e.g., at nightclubs, dance festivals). This research is critical because of the unprecedented rise in new psychoactive drugs, not currently assessed by national surveys. It is essential for timely identification and documentation of the emergence of new drugs and associated adverse effects with short-term informing of policymakers, researchers and educators. Rapid survey data is needed to contribute to drug monitoring systems and to triangulate secondary data, which generally only focus on adverse outcomes of use (e.g., overdose). The development of a survey tool and documentation of an implementation approach will allow epidemiologists to triangulate secondary drug data to inform prevention strategies, which address use of these continually emerging drugs. Using a 3-phased mixed-methods approach, Dr. Palamar will develop, validate and implement a survey tool to monitor use of new and emerging drugs among nightclub/dance festival attendees (age 18-25) as they enter venues in NYC. Specifically, he will: 1) carry out formative research to inform survey instrument development (N=40 key informant interviews), 2) design and validate an initial (longer) survey with online follow-up (N=250), based on the key informant interviews, and 3) implement a validated rapid survey (N=500) based upon the initial survey reliability and validity results. Through these research activities, Dr. Palamar will identiy and characterize use of new and emerging drugs among nightclub and dance festival attendees. Specifically, he will aim to: 1) identify and describe the current user population and potential user population (as per intent to use), 2) identify and describe frequency of use, contexts of use, modes of administration, and perceived availability, 3) examine how use and intention to use relate to use of other drugs and perceived contact with users and dealers, and 4) examine socio-demographic and attitudinal correlates of use and intention to use, reasons for use, effects from use and perceived risk associated with use. The Candidate has developed a strong team of mentors to train him throughout the proposed grant period. His mentors and consultants are from diverse backgrounds and experts in drug epidemiology, public health, qualitative methods and biostatistics. His Mentor, Dr. Scott Sherman, and Co-Mentors, Dr. Danielle Ompad and Dr. Michele Shedlin, will be fundamental to the Candidate's development into an independent substance abuse researcher. Mentoring will take place in conjunction with coursework and participation in seminars and conferences. Throughout this training plan the Candidate will: 1) enhance his ability to develop and conduct his own independent research study; 2) expand his expertise in drug use epidemiology; 3) learn time-space and venue-based sampling methodologies; 4) expand his knowledge and experience in the design, validation and implementation of surveys, which will lead to real-time data, and 5) become more advanced in analysis and dissemination of survey data. These goals will foster the Candidate's career development and expertise in drug epidemiology and contribute to the publication of peer-reviewed manuscripts that will inform prevention science and lead to an eventual R01. The proposed project will take place at the New York University School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, which has a multidisciplinary research team and integrates ground-breaking research with training for the next generation of leaders in public health. The Department is committed to training new researchers and promoting development of independent investigators. The Candidate will collaborate with epidemiologists at the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene and use their secondary data to inform and triangulate his survey data. The proposed research plan combined with the extensive resources of the institutional environment and the strong institutional support for the Candidate's professional development will assure successful implementation of this award. This carefully documented mixed-method approach will allow researchers to collect real-time data on new and emerging drug trends in nightlife scenes, and quickly inform the scientific community and the public about the use, dangers and correlates of new and emerging drugs. This information is essential to prevent increasing use and associated adverse effects and mortality associated with use of these unstudied drugs. Results will also inform prevention strategies, larger-scale studies (e.g., R01s) that compare patterns of emergence across US cities, and drug monitoring systems (e.g., local, national), enabling them to track use and associated adverse consequences of use in a more comprehensive manner.

描述（由申请人提供）：这一指导的科学家职业发展奖（K01）申请提出了为期五年的培训计划，旨在为候选人提供必要的技能和经验，以实现未来的R01提交和向独立研究的过渡。候选人Joseph J. Palamar博士，MPH，通过他在纽约市（NYC）的毒品使用研究以及与娱乐性吸毒有关的污名表明了对公共卫生的奉献精神。他撰写了/撰写了24个同行评审的手稿，内容涉及他在这个拟议项目中旨在调查的主题。 该应用的科学目的是确定在促进使用风险最高风险的场所中使用新的和新兴药物的使用（例如在夜总会，舞蹈节）。这项研究至关重要，因为前所未有 在新的精神药物中，目前尚未通过国家调查进行评估。对于及时识别和记录新药的出现和相关的不利影响，这对于政策制定者，研究人员和教育工作者的信息至关重要。需要快速的调查数据来促进药物监测系统和三角二级数据，这些数据通常仅着眼于使用不良后果（例如，用药过量）。调查工具的开发和实施方法的记录将使流行病学家可以对二级药物数据进行三角测量，以告知预防策略，这些策略涉及这些不断新兴药物的使用。 Palamar博士使用3次混合方法方法，将开发，验证和实施一种调查工具，以监视夜总会/舞蹈节与会者（18-25岁）在纽约市的场地时使用新的和新兴药物的使用。具体来说，他将：1）进行形成性研究，以告知调查仪器开发（n = 40个关键的线人访谈），2）根据关键的知情人士访谈设计并验证在线随访（n = 250）的初始（较长）调查，并且3）基于最初的调查可靠性和有效性结果，实施了经过验证的快速调查（n = 500）。通过这些研究活动，P​​alamar博士将在夜总会和舞蹈节与会者中识别和描述新的和新兴药物的使用。具体而言，他的目标是：1）识别和描述当前的用户群体和潜在用户群体（根据使用意图），2）识别和描述使用频率，使用上下文，管理模式，管理模式以及可感知的可用性，3）3）使用和意图如何使用与其他药物的使用以及与用户和经用效果的使用以及与用户的使用和探索效果以及4）的使用，以及4）以及4）使用，以及4）4）与使用相关的感知风险。 候选人已经建立了一个强大的导师团队，可以在整个拟议的赠款期间培训他。他的导师和顾问来自不同的背景和药物流行病学，公共卫生，定性方法和生物统计学专家。他的导师斯科特·谢尔曼（Scott Sherman）博士以及丹妮尔·奥马德（Danielle Ompad）博士和米歇尔·谢德林（Michele Shedlin）博士将是候选人成为独立药物滥用研究人员的基础。指导将与课程工作以及参加研讨会和会议一起进行。在整个培训计划中，候选人将：1）增强他发展和进行自己的独立研究的能力； 2）扩大他在药物流行病学方面的专业知识； 3）学习时间空间和基于场地的采样方法； 4）扩大他在调查的设计，验证和实施方面的知识和经验，这将导致实时数据，5）在调查数据的分析和传播中变得更加先进。这些目标将促进候选人在药物流行病学方面的职业发展和专业知识，并有助于发布经过同行评审的手稿，这些手稿将为预防科学提供信息并最终导致R01。 拟议的项目将在人口健康系纽约大学医学院举行，该学院拥有多学科研究团队，并将开创性的研究与为下一代公共卫生领导者培训培训。该部门致力于培训新研究人员并促进独立研究人员的发展。该候选人将与纽约市卫生和精神卫生部的流行病学家合作，并使用其次要数据为他的调查数据提供信息和三角测量。拟议的研究计划结合了机构环境的广泛资源以及对候选人专业发展的强大机构支持，将确保成功实施该奖项。 这种经过仔细记录的混合方法方法将使研究人员能够在夜生活场景中收集有关新的和新兴药物趋势的实时数据，并迅速向科学界和公众提供有关新药物和新兴药物的使用，危险和关联的信息。这些信息对于防止使用这些未研究药物的使用以及相关的不良反应和死亡率至关重要。结果还将为预防策略，大规模研究（例如R01s）提供信息，该研究比较了整个美国城市的出现模式以及药物监测系统（例如本地，国家），使它们能够以更全面的方式跟踪使用和相关的使用后果。