Drug use among nightclub and dance festival attendees in New York City

纽约市夜总会和舞蹈节参加者吸毒

基本信息

批准号：
10400438
负责人：
Joseph J Palamar
金额：
$ 4.12万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-30 至 2022-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Electronic dance music (EDM) nightclub and festival attendees are at high risk for drug use and associated adverse outcomes. EDM attendees are at high risk for using “traditional” drugs such as ecstasy (MDMA, “Molly”), but they are also now at high risk for use of new psychoactive substances (NPS), which are a major new drug-related public health threat. NPS are often adulterants in or replacements for “traditional” illicit drugs such as ecstasy; thus, many users unknowingly ingest such new and dangerous substances. Ecstasy, for example, is often adulterated or replaced with NPS such as synthetic cathinones (“bath salts”) and the PI and his colleagues have detected highly potent drugs (e.g., alpha-PVP, PMMA, methamphetamine) in ecstasy users’ hair despite them denying use of these drugs. Thus, ecstasy use appears to be a major delivery system of unintentional NPS use. Fentanyl and other dangerous opioid NPS are also now being detected in cocaine and in pills resembling Xanax and Percocet. Drug-related deaths at EDM festivals have become common, and with the popularity of EDM parties increasing, it is essential to focus on intentional and unintentional drug use in this at-risk population in order to prevent use, poisonings, and deaths. We have developed and validated a rapid survey (via the PI’s K01) to query use of dozens of common drugs and >100 NPS in the EDM scene and we have validated hair testing methods to determine use of >100 NPS and >15 common drugs. Such biological testing can help us estimate the true prevalence of use of NPS and other drugs (e.g., ecstasy) in these highrisk nightlife scenes. The objective of this study is to systematically examine the prevalence of known and unknown drug use, risk factors for use, self-reported adverse outcomes associated with use, and trends in use and adverse outcomes over 24 months. Since many individuals unknowingly use NPS, it is essential to validate survey responses. This study is innovative as we will test hair of participants to validate responses and also determine the extent of unintentional use of NPS and other drugs. Hair testing is an ideal biological testing method because we are able to detect the presence of >100 NPS (including fentanyl and 15 of its analogues) in hair for >12 months post-use. Our validated rapid survey complemented with hair testing (for validation) will allow us to estimate the prevalence of drug use in the nightclub and festival scenes in NYC. Using time-space sampling, we will randomly select EDM parties throughout NYC, and survey 2,080 individuals entering these parties (biweekly). An exploratory longitudinal component will also help us determine whether providing a subsample of participants with feedback regarding their hair testing results influences drug use and intention to use over time (6 months post-survey). Estimating intentional and unintentional drug use and adverse consequences associated with use may allow us to detect some risky drug trends (e.g., use of [adulterated] ecstasy) before diffusing to the general public. Methods will be generalizable to other at-risk populations and results will inform prevention information to be disseminated to the public and to those at highest risk.

电子舞蹈音乐（EDM）夜总会和节日与会者有吸毒和相关的高风险不利的结果。 EDM参与者使用“传统”药物（例如摇头丸）（MDMA， “莫莉”），但现在它们也有使用新的精神活性物质（NP）的高风险，这是主要的与新药有关的公共卫生威胁。 NP通常是“传统”非法药物的通奸或替代者例如摇头丸；因此，许多用户未知摄入这种新的和危险的物质。摇头丸，是例如，通常被掺假或替换为NP，例如合成的Cathinones（“浴沙拉”）和PI和PI和他的同事在摇头丸中发现了高度有效的药物（例如α-PVP，PMMA，甲基苯丙胺）用户的头发否认使用这些药物。那就是摇头丸的使用似乎是一个主要的交付系统无意的NP使用。现在在可卡因中也检测到芬太尼和其他危险的阿片类药物NP 在类似Xanax和Percocet的药丸中。 EDM节日与毒品有关的死亡已经很普遍，并且随着EDM政党的普及，必须专注于故意和无意的毒品使用至关重要在这种高危人群中，以防止使用，中毒和死亡。我们已经开发并验证了快速调查（通过PI的K01）在EDM场景中查询数十种常见药物和> 100 NP的使用我们已经有验证的头发测试方法来确定使用> 100 NP和> 15种常见药物的使用。这样的生物学测试可以帮助我们估算NP和其他药物（例如摇头丸）的真正普遍性夜生活场景。这项研究的目的是系统地检查已知和未知的患病率使用药物，使用危险因素，与使用相关的自我报告的不良结果以及使用的趋势和不良结果在24个月内。由于许多人未知使用NP，因此必须验证调查回答。这项研究具有创新性，因为我们将测试参与者的头发以验证反应，也是确定无意使用NP和其他药物的程度。头发测试是理想的生物测试方法是因为我们能够检测到> 100 NP的存在（包括芬太尼及其15个类似物）在使用后12个月内的头发中。我们经过验证的快速调查通过头发测试完成（用于验证）将允许我们估算纽约市夜总会和节日场景中使用毒品的流行。使用时间空间抽样，我们将在纽约市整个纽约市随机选择EDM派对，并调查2,080个人进入这些聚会（每两周）。探索性纵向组件还将帮助我们确定是否提供参与者的子样本和反馈有关其头发测试结果的子样本会影响药物使用和意图随着时间的流逝（肺活后6个月）使用。估计有意和无意的毒品使用和广告与使用相关的后果可能使我们能够检测出一些危险的药物趋势（例如，使用[掺假] 摇头丸）在向公众扩散之前。方法将推广到其他处于危险的人群中结果将为预防信息提供信息，将其传播给公众和风险最高的人。