NEUROECONOMICS OF COGNITIVE EFFORT

认知努力的神经经济学

基本信息

批准号：
8970538
负责人：
TODD S BRAVER
金额：
$ 26.69万
依托单位：
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-05-18 至 2017-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8970538
关键词：
Academic achievement Address Anterior Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Base of the Brain Behavior Control Behavioral Brain region Clinical Cognitive Communication Decision Making Diagnosis Dimensions Disease Economics Experimental Designs Failure Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Impairment Individual Individual Differences Intelligence Tests Intervention Knowledge Literature Major Depressive Disorder Measures Mental Depression Mental disorders Methodology Methods Monitor Motivation Outcome Participant Pattern Performance Physical Efforts Play Prefrontal Cortex Procedures Psyche structure Psychopathology Relative (related person)Research Rewards Risk Role Sampling Studies Schizophrenia Series Task Performances Testing Validation Variant Ventral Striatum Work base behavioral economics cingulate cortex clinical decision-making cognitive capacity cognitive control cognitive function cognitive load cognitive task cost discounting experience indexing innovation interest neuroeconomics neuromechanism novel novel strategies public health relevance relating to nervous system stem success tool trait willingness

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cognitive effort is emerging as increasingly important construct in a diverse set of literature ranging from predictors of everyday outcomes (e.g. academic achievement), to psychopathology, to fundamental principles of behavioral control. Effort may be particularly important, for example, for understanding disorders of anergia and amotivation. It may explain why individuals with major depression demonstrate intact performance on low effort tasks, yet perform below average on demanding tasks. Yet, despite rapidly growing interest, very little is understood about cognitive effort. Limited understanding stems from imprecise definitions and impoverished methodological frameworks. We propose to address this gap by using a novel approach, that adapting well established behavioral and neuroeconomic methods to formalize the notion of cognitive effort, in terms of a discounting index (i.e., the degree to which cognitive effort reduces the subjective value of task engagement). This cognitive effort discounting index provides an important leverage point from which to investigate individual differences in cognitive motivation, examine their brain basis, and identify the key mechanisms by which they contribute to decision-making regarding task engagement. The current project explores these issues through an integrated series of studies that involve a powerful within-subjects experimental design, sophisticated analytic methods, and cutting-edge fMRI methodology. Success in this effort will significantly advance our understanding of the basic neural mechanisms that contribute to decisions about cognitive effort, and will have important clinical implications by providing targets for diagnosis and intervention in disorders, such as major depression, for which cognitive motivational impairments play a major role.

描述（由申请人证明）：认知努力在各种含义的范围内成为重要的结构（例如，学术成就），心理病理学，例如，重要的是重要的。 w努力，尽管迅速增长的兴趣，但对认知有限的理解很少，这是不精确的定义和贫穷的方法框架。认知努力的程度降低了任务参与的价值）。确定有关任务参与的决策的机制。这有助于对认知努力的决定，从而通过为认知性障碍提供靶标和疾病（例如严重抑郁症）具有重要的临床意义。