Aging effects on the neural coding of proactive and reactive cognitive control

衰老对主动和反应认知控制的神经编码的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10462368
负责人：
TODD S BRAVER
金额：
$ 24.49万
依托单位：
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-30 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10462368
关键词：
Adopted Adoption Affective Age-associated memory impairment Aging Anatomy Anterior Base of the Brain Behavioral Brain Code Cognitive Cognitive aging Color Conflict (Psychology)Consensus Decision Making Development Diagnostic Elderly Electroencephalography Emotions Episodic memory Equus caballus Exhibits Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Future Goals Impaired cognition Impairment Intervention Investigation Lateral Life Link Literature Methodology Methods Midbrain structure Modality Modeling Nature Neurobiology Neurocognitive Pattern Performance Prefrontal Cortex Research Scheme Short-Term Memory Specificity Stimulus Techniques Testing Thinking Variant Well in self Work age effect age related analytical method base brain behavior cingulate cortex cognitive control cognitive function cognitive neuroscience design dopamine system experience functional magnetic resonance imaging/electroencephalography healthy aging innovation motivational processes multimodal neuroimaging multimodality neuroimaging neuromechanism novel preservation prospective memory psychologic public health relevance relating to nervous system remediation selective attention temporal measurement young adult

项目摘要

Project Summary (Abstract) This proposal explores the neural and psychological mechanisms that underlie the well-established declines in cognitive control function experienced even by healthy older adults. A clear consensus in the cognitive neuroscience of aging is that age-related cognitive control declines reflect neurobiological changes that occur in the functioning of the mid-brain dopamine system, interacting with targets located in the lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Although a large neuroimaging literature has investigated such neurobiological changes, it has been limited in the ability to relate these to the key control mechanisms postulated by neurocomputational models, which are often framed in representational terms. The current proposal adopts an innovative experimental approach to this issue, by leveraging the methodology of representational similarity analysis (RSA), to examine the neural coding of cognitive control and how it changes with advancing age. Specifically, we utilize RSA to test the Dual Mechanisms of Control (DMC) theoretical framework, which postulate two distinct modes – proactive and reactive – by which cognitive control can be deployed. A primary claim of the DMC framework is that older adults exhibit clear impairments in the engagement of proactive control, but relative preservation of reactive control. The project directly tests this hypothesis, employing novel theoretically-optimized variants of the work-horse color-word Stroop paradigm, to experimentally doubly dissociate proactive and reactive control. The Stroop task is combined with RSA to examine the neural mechanisms associated with proactive and reactive control, comparing younger and older adults through an innovative multi-modal neuroimaging approach. Specifically, we conduct convergent and matched fMRI and EEG studies, with RSA used to bridge between the two modalities. This multi-modal approach enables a systematic and comprehensive test of the DMC framework, as it applies to cognitive aging, by capitalizing on the complementary strength of each method to provide both high spatial and temporal resolution. We exploit these strengths to test whether proactive and reactive control have distinct temporal dynamic signatures, and involve anatomically dissociable neural mechanisms within the lPFC and ACC. Finally, we exploit cutting-edge RSA methods to identify single-trial brain-behavior relationships, providing the strongest tests possible regarding the explanatory power of the DMC framework for understanding the nature of age-related cognitive control decline. As such, the findings of this project will have high

项目摘要（摘要）该提案探讨了在井中植物的神经和心理机制即使健康的老年人也经历了认知控制功能。衰老的神经科学是与年龄相关的认知控制下降反映了发生的神经生物学变化在中脑多巴胺系统的功能中，与位于前额叶中的靶标相互作用皮质（LPFC）和前齿状皮质（ACC）研究了大型神经影像学文献这种神经生物学变化，关键控制机制的能力受到限制由神经计算模型假设，这些模型通常由代表术语构建。提案通过利用该方法来采用一种企业的体验方法代表相似性分析（RSA），以检查认知控制的神经编码及其如何随着年龄的增长，我们利用RSA测试了双重控制机制（DMC）理论框架假定了两种不同的模式 - 主动和反应性 - 认知控制可以部署DMC框架的主要主张积极控制，但相对保留反应性控制。假设，采用了工作马颜色词范式的新型理论优化变体，实验双解离主动和反应性控制。检查与主动和反应性控制相关的神经机制，使年轻和年龄较大成年人通过企业多模式神经影像学方法。匹配的fMRI和EEG研究，RSA用于两种方式之间桥接。方法可以对DMC框架进行系统的全面测试，因为它适用于认知衰老，通过利用每种方法的编译强度来提供高空间和时间解决方案。动态签名，涉及LPFC和ACC内的解剖学神经机制我们利用尖端的RSA方法来识别单次脑部行为关系，为您提供关于理解DMC框架的解释力的最强烈测试，以理解的性质与年龄相关的认知控制下降。