Cortical-Subcortical Interaction in PD and Normal Speech

PD 和正常言语中的皮质-皮质下相互作用

• 批准号: 8827748
• 负责人: JOHN J SIDTIS
• 金额: $ 43.4万
• 依托单位: NATHAN S. KLINE INSTITUTE FOR PSYCH RES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8827748
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Basal Ganglia; Blood flow; Brain; Cerebrovascular Circulation; Characteristics; Clinic; Clinical; Complication; Data; Deep Brain Stimulation; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dose; Dysarthria; Electrodes; Elements; Evaluation; Frequencies; Functional Imaging; Goals; Image; Impairment; Individual; Lateral; Levodopa; Literature; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Motor; Movement Disorders; Neuraxis; Neurologic; Operative Surgical Procedures; Parkinson Disease; Pathology; Pattern; Performance; Phonation; Positron-Emission Tomography; Postoperative Period; Procedures; Process; Production; Reading; Reporting; Research; Role; STN stimulation; Science; Severities; Site; Speech; Speech Intelligibility; Statistical Models; Structure; Structure of subthalamic nucleus; Study Subject; Subjects Selections; Surveys; Symptoms; System; Therapeutic; Voice; Work; base; improved; innovation; programs; research study; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project will continue and extend our present studies on cortical-subcortical interactions during speech using the effects of PD and DBS to probe the neurological basis of motor speech control, and the effects of PD and DBS on speech. Continuing our functional imaging with PET, we will add structural imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, and tractography using MRI. We will continue probing speech with a range of tasks incorporating reading, recitation, repetition, and spontaneous speech. We will evaluate intelligibility and perceptual ratings, using these results to inform acoustic analyses. We are adding expertise in statistical modeling and the application of MRI to the study of voice pathology. Our goal is to answer basic clinical and speech science questions. Several fundamental questions need to be addressed in this field. Clinically, we need a better estimate of how often DBS results in greater speech impairment, and when it occurs, how it can be characterized. We need to understand the extent to which DBS-related speech impairments result from changes in brain networks for speech, global brain effects, and/or stimulation of motor tracts adjacent to the subthalamic nucleus. From the speech science perspective, we need to characterize cortical-subcortical interactions for a range of speech tasks to better understand the role of the basal ganglia, cortical, and cerebellar regions in speech. We are approaching the goals of this project with a combination of well-controlled experimental studies, studies of special cases that may be especially informative, and an innovative approach to clinical survey studies. Our finding that DBS enhances some components of speech while retarding others provides an important step in understanding an inconsistent literature. Further, analysis of our PET data suggests that DBS changes the basic relationship between speech and cortical-subcortical interactions. Our major working hypotheses are that: cortical lateral asymmetry is associated with fluency; subcortical regions are strongly associated with phonation, particularly the first two formants, and these are shifted during DBS; when DBS strengthens phonation, an additional burden is placed on articulatory control; both brain and speech effects are task dependent, with the greatest difficulty observed during conversation. Our work also suggests that global blood flow is related to pausing during speech, with DBS on and off, and in PD subjects without DBS. This may reflect the integrity of the central nervous system in PD, and will be further examined with diffusion tensor imaging. In addition to the detailed imaging studies, we will conduct a broader, clinic-based study of conversational and repeated speech before and after DBS surgery. Taken together, these studies should provide a better understanding of the range and severity of speech changes following DBS, and the brain changes associated with these changes.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的项目将继续并扩展我们在语音过程中使用PD和DBS在语音过程中进行皮质增生相互作用的研究，并使用PD和DBS的影响探测运动语音控制的神经系统基础，以及PD和DBS对语音的影响。继续使用PET进行功能成像，我们将使用MRI添加结构成像，扩散张量成像和拖拉摄影。我们将继续通过一系列任务进行探讨，其中包括阅读，朗诵，重复和自发的演讲。我们将使用这些结果来评估可理解性和感知评级，以告知声学分析。我们在统计建模和MRI应用于语音病理学研究方面增加了专业知识。我们的目标是回答基本的临床和语音科学问题。该领域需要解决一些基本问题。在临床上，我们需要更好地估计DBS导致更大的语音障碍的频率以及何时发生的频率，如何表征它。我们需要了解DBS相关的语音障碍是由于脑网络的变化而导致语音，全球大脑效应和/或刺激与丘脑核核的运动区的变化。从言语科学的角度来看，我们需要为一系列语音任务表征皮质皮质相互作用，以更好地了解基底神经节，皮质和小脑区域在言语中的作用。我们正在通过良好控制的实验研究，可能特别有用的特殊案例研究以及对临床调查研究的创新方法来实现该项目的目标。我们的发现，DB会增强语音的某些组成部分，同时延迟其他语音，这为理解不一致的文献提供了重要的步骤。此外，对我们的PET数据的分析表明，DBS改变了语音与皮质增生相互作用之间的基本关系。我们的主要工作假设是：皮质侧向不对称与流利性有关；皮层下区域与发声密切相关，尤其是前两个义剂，并且在DBS期间会发生变化。当DBS增强发音时，会增加发音控制的额外负担。大脑和语音效应都取决于任务，在对话过程中观察到了最大的困难。我们的工作还表明，全球血流与DBS ON和OFF以及无DBS的PD受试者中的暂停有关。这可能反映了中枢神经系统在PD中的完整性，并将通过扩散张量成像进一步检查。除了详细的成像研究外，我们还将在DBS手术前后进行更广泛的，基于诊所的对话和反复语音的研究。综上所述，这些研究应更好地了解DBS后语音变化的范围和严重性，以及与这些变化相关的大脑变化。