Feeling States and Heart Rates: A Translational Study

感觉状态和心率：一项转化研究

• 批准号: 8636458
• 负责人: Margaret L Schneider
• 金额: $ 39.31万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-04-15 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8636458
• 关键词: Accounting; Acute; Address; Adolescent; Affect; Affective; Affinity; Ambulatory Monitoring; Arts; Back; Basic Science; Behavioral Mechanisms; Cause of Death; Characteristics; Child; Data; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Educational process of instructing; Electroencephalogram; Epidemic; Exercise; Feeling; Female Adolescents; Funding; Goals; Health; Heart Diseases; Heart Rate; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Left; Link; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Metric; Middle School Student; Moderate Exercise; Monitor; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Paper; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Physical Education; Physical activity; Population; Predisposition; Prevention; Psychophysiology; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Schools; Sports; Staging; Stimulus; Students; Testing; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Validity and Reliability; base; behavior change; bone; cardiovascular disorder risk; critical period; design; disability; experience; fitness; girls; high risk; novel; novel strategies; programs; psychosocial; public health relevance; response; sedentary; success; tool; trait; translational study

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project addresses the current epidemic in obesity and physical inactivity among adolescents in the United States. The goal of the research is to develop effective ways of encouraging adolescents to become and remain physically active. In particular, this project is concerned with identifying adolescents who are reluctant to exercise because they have a high sensitivity to unpleasant feelings while exercising at higher intensities. Once identified, these adolescents can be targeted with an intervention that is designed to teach them to exercise at anintensity level that will generate pleasant feelings and therefore make it more likely that they will seek out opportunities to be physically active. The specific aims of this study are to: 1) evaluate the impact of a novel intervention delivered via school-based physical education (PE) on adolescents who have a high sensitivity to exercise-induced negative affect; 2) determine whether adolescents' tendency to feel uncomfortable during exercise is a stable trait that persists even in the face of an intervention; and 3) compare and contrast three alternative methods of measuring adolescents'sensitivity to exercise-induced affect. Healthy middle-school students who do not participate in team or individual competitive sports will be recruited and assessed to determine their existing predisposition toward exercise (i.e., "reluctant exercisers" and "latent exercisers"). The assessment will be conducted using three methods that have been used to measure individuals' propensity to experience positive affect in the face of a stimulus: 1) a pencil-and-paper assessment that measures tendency to respond to a challenge with positive affect; 2) electroencephalogram (EEG) to ascertain frontal cortical asymmetry; and 3) empirically assessed affective response to a standardized exercise task. Reluctant and latent exercisers will be assigned in equal numbers to one of two conditions. One condition will implement a PE-based intervention that differs from the traditional approach in that students will be instructed to exercise at an intensity that has been determined to elicit positive affect in that individual (based on baseline testing). In the other condition, students will be instructed to exercise at an intensity derived from standard formulas typically used in exercise prescriptions. It is hypothesized that the non- traditional approach will increase reluctant exercisers'enjoyment of PE and also their level of participation in physical activity outside of PE. The latter will be determined using portable monitors (accelerometers) worn at baseline, after the intervention, and again 1 year after the end of the intervention. This study is relevant to the prevention of type 2 diabetes in that it addresses the mechanisms of physical activity behavior change among adolescents. This developmental period is typically characterized by declining participation in physical activity, and thus represents a critical period for intervention. The results will increase understanding about why some adolescents remain active while others do not and will test a novel intervention that may be more effective among reluctant exercisers.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目解决了美国青少年中当前肥胖和缺乏运动的流行问题。该研究的目标是开发有效的方法来鼓励青少年变得并保持身体活跃。该项目特别关注识别那些不愿意锻炼的青少年，因为他们在高强度锻炼时对不愉快的感觉非常敏感。一旦确定，就可以针对这些青少年进行干预，旨在教他们进行一定强度的锻炼，从而产生愉快的感觉，从而使他们更有可能寻找锻炼身体的机会。本研究的具体目的是：1）评估通过学校体育教育（PE）提供的新型干预措施对对运动引起的负面情绪高度敏感的青少年的影响； 2）确定青少年在运动过程中感到不舒服的倾向是否是一种稳定的特征，即使面对干预也会持续存在； 3）比较和对比三种测量青少年对运动引起的情感的敏感性的替代方法。 将招募和评估不参加团队或个人竞技运动的健康中学生，以确定他们现有的运动倾向（即“勉强运动者”和“潜在运动者”）。评估将使用三种方法进行，这三种方法用于衡量个人在面对刺激时体验积极情绪的倾向：1）纸笔评估，衡量以积极情绪应对挑战的倾向； 2）脑电图（EEG）以确定额叶皮质不对称性； 3）根据经验评估对标准化锻炼任务的情感反应。不情愿的和潜在的锻炼者将被分配到相同数量的两个条件之一。其中一个条件是实施基于体育的干预措施，该干预措施与传统方法不同，即指导学生进行一定强度的锻炼，该强度已确定可对该个人产生积极影响（基于基线测试）。在另一种情况下，学生将被指导按照运动处方中通常使用的标准公式得出的运动强度。据推测，非传统方法将增加不情愿的锻炼者对体育的享受以及他们参与体育以外的身体活动的程度。后者将使用在基线、干预后以及干预结束一年后佩戴的便携式监视器（加速度计）来确定。 这项研究与预防 2 型糖尿病相关，因为它探讨了青少年体力活动行为变化的机制。这一发育时期的典型特征是体力活动参与度下降，因此是干预的关键时期。研究结果将加深人们对为什么一些青少年保持活跃而另一些青少年不活跃的理解，并将测试一种新的干预措施，该干预措施可能对不愿意锻炼的人更有效。