Feeling States and Heart Rates: A Translational Study

感觉状态和心率：一项转化研究

• 批准号: 8462598
• 负责人: Margaret L Schneider
• 金额: $ 37.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-04-15 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8462598
• 关键词: Accounting; Acute; Address; Adolescent; Affect; Affective; Affinity; Ambulatory Monitoring; Arts; Back; Basic Science; Behavioral Mechanisms; Cause of Death; Characteristics; Child; Data; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Educational process of instructing; Electroencephalogram; Epidemic; Exercise; Feeling; Female Adolescents; Funding; Goals; Health; Heart Diseases; Heart Rate; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Left; Link; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Metric; Moderate Exercise; Monitor; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Paper; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Physical Education; Physical activity; Population; Predisposition; Prevention; Psychophysiology; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Schools; Sports; Staging; Stimulus; Students; Testing; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Validity and Reliability; base; behavior change; bone; cardiovascular disorder risk; critical period; design; disability; experience; fitness; girls; high risk; middle school; novel; novel strategies; programs; psychosocial; public health relevance; response; sedentary; success; tool; trait; translational study

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project addresses the current epidemic in obesity and physical inactivity among adolescents in the United States. The goal of the research is to develop effective ways of encouraging adolescents to become and remain physically active. In particular, this project is concerned with identifying adolescents who are reluctant to exercise because they have a high sensitivity to unpleasant feelings while exercising at higher intensities. Once identified, these adolescents can be targeted with an intervention that is designed to teach them to exercise at anintensity level that will generate pleasant feelings and therefore make it more likely that they will seek out opportunities to be physically active. The specific aims of this study are to: 1) evaluate the impact of a novel intervention delivered via school-based physical education (PE) on adolescents who have a high sensitivity to exercise-induced negative affect; 2) determine whether adolescents' tendency to feel uncomfortable during exercise is a stable trait that persists even in the face of an intervention; and 3) compare and contrast three alternative methods of measuring adolescents'sensitivity to exercise-induced affect. Healthy middle-school students who do not participate in team or individual competitive sports will be recruited and assessed to determine their existing predisposition toward exercise (i.e., "reluctant exercisers" and "latent exercisers"). The assessment will be conducted using three methods that have been used to measure individuals' propensity to experience positive affect in the face of a stimulus: 1) a pencil-and-paper assessment that measures tendency to respond to a challenge with positive affect; 2) electroencephalogram (EEG) to ascertain frontal cortical asymmetry; and 3) empirically assessed affective response to a standardized exercise task. Reluctant and latent exercisers will be assigned in equal numbers to one of two conditions. One condition will implement a PE-based intervention that differs from the traditional approach in that students will be instructed to exercise at an intensity that has been determined to elicit positive affect in that individual (based on baseline testing). In the other condition, students will be instructed to exercise at an intensity derived from standard formulas typically used in exercise prescriptions. It is hypothesized that the non- traditional approach will increase reluctant exercisers'enjoyment of PE and also their level of participation in physical activity outside of PE. The latter will be determined using portable monitors (accelerometers) worn at baseline, after the intervention, and again 1 year after the end of the intervention. This study is relevant to the prevention of type 2 diabetes in that it addresses the mechanisms of physical activity behavior change among adolescents. This developmental period is typically characterized by declining participation in physical activity, and thus represents a critical period for intervention. The results will increase understanding about why some adolescents remain active while others do not and will test a novel intervention that may be more effective among reluctant exercisers.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目涉及美国青少年肥胖和身体不活动的当前流行病。该研究的目的是开发鼓励青少年变得和身体活跃的有效方法。特别是，该项目与识别不愿运动的青少年有关，因为他们对不愉快的感觉具有很高的敏感性，同时锻炼较高的强度。一旦确定，这些青少年就可以采用干预措施来定位，该干预旨在教会他们在强度水平上锻炼，从而产生愉悦的感觉，因此使他们更有可能寻求机会进行体育活跃。这项研究的具体目的是：1）评估通过学校体育（PE）对运动引起的负面影响具有很高敏感性的青少年进行的新型干预措施的影响； 2）确定青少年在运动过程中感到不舒服的趋势是否是一种稳定的特征，即使面对干预也是如此； 3）比较和对比三种替代青少年对运动引起的情感的敏感性的替代方法。 不参加团队或个人竞争运动的健康中学学生将被招募和评估，以确定他们对运动的现有倾向（即“勉强的运动者”和“潜在运动者”）。该评估将使用三种方法来衡量个人在面对刺激时经历积极影响的倾向的方法：1）一种铅笔和纸评估，该评估量衡量对挑战的趋势以及积极影响的挑战； 2）脑电图（EEG）确定额叶皮质不对称； 3）经验评估对标准化运动任务的情感反应。勉强和潜在的锻炼者将以同等数量分配给两个条件之一。一种条件将实施基于PE的干预措施，该干预措施与传统方法不同，因为将指示学生以确定在该个人中产生积极影响的强度（基于基线测试）进行锻炼。在另一种情况下，将指示学生以通常在锻炼处方中使用的标准公式衍生的强度进行锻炼。假设非传统方法将增加不情愿的锻炼者对PE的乐趣，以及他们参与PE以外的体育活动的水平。后者将使用便携式监测器（加速度计）在基线，干预后以及干预结束后1年确定。 这项研究与预防2型糖尿病有关，因为它解决了青少年体育活动行为的机制。这种发育期通常以减少体育锻炼的参与，因此代表了干预的关键时期。结果将增加对为什么有些青少年保持活跃而而有些则没有的理解，而另一些则将测试一种新的干预措施，这种干预措施可能在不情愿的运动者中更有效。