Effects of Federal R&D Funding on the Biomedical Sciences Workforce

联邦R的影响

• 批准号: 8185404
• 负责人: Margaret Elizabeth Blume-Kohout
• 金额: $ 11.62万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8185404
• 关键词: Affect; American; Applied Research; Appointment; Back; Basic Science; Biological Sciences; Biomedical Research; Budgets; Data; Disease; Doctor of Philosophy; Enrollment; Ethnic Origin; Expenditure; Financial Support; Funding; Gender; Heterogeneity; Immigration; Institution; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Measures; Medical; Positioning Attribute; Postdoctoral Fellow; Production; Race; Recovery; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Running; Science; Scientist; Source; Students; Surveys; Training; Translating; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; biomedical scientist; career; cohort; graduate student; research and development; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Federal funding for academic research, especially in the life sciences, has risen rapidly over the last decade. The oft-cited justification for this level of public expenditure is that public funding for biomedical research results in creation of knowledge and expansion of the scientific workforce, thereby leading to better medical treatments and preemption of disease. In this research, we aim to evaluate whether the potential scientific workforce benefits of federal R&D funding are realized in practice. Increases in NIH R&D funding, specifically the NIH post-1998 budget doubling, have been associated with increases in postdoctoral appointments and other "soft money" positions. However, while intuitively an increase in university R&D funding could yield an increase in demand for graduate research assistants, and therefore expand the cohort of admitted students, universities might also simply cut back on institutional funding for those students, with no net impact on production of trained graduates. This project will use survey data collected on a panel of over 200 US universities and an instrumental variables approach to investigate the causal relationship between changes in NIH R&D funding at US universities and the number and diversity of graduate students enrolled and completing their PhDs in the biomedical sciences. We will also investigate how changes in R&D funding affect the number and composition of postdocs appointed in these fields. Measures of diversity will include biomedical scientists' gender, race and ethnicity, and citizenship/immigration status. The project will also explore possible heterogeneity in effects of federal R&D funding across different types of academic institutions. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project evaluates whether short-run increases in federal life sciences R&D funding to US universities increase the number and diversity of PhD biomedical scientists entering the scientific workforce.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的十年中，联邦学术研究的资金，尤其是在生命科学中，迅速增长。经常对这一水平的公共支出的辩护是，用于生物医学研究的公共资金导致了科学劳动力的知识和扩展，从而导致了更好的医疗治疗和疾病的先发制人。在这项研究中，我们旨在评估联邦研发资金的潜在科学劳动力益处是否在实践中实现。 NIH R＆D资金的增加，特别是1998年后的NIH预算加倍，与博士后任命和其他“软货币”职位的增加有关。但是，尽管大学研发资金的增加可能会增加对研究生研究助理的需求增加，因此扩大了被录取的学生的同伙，但大学也可能只是减少了这些学生的机构资金，而对培训毕业生的生产没有净影响。该项目将使用在美国200多个大学的小组中收集的调查数据以及一种工具变量方法，以调查美国大学NIH R＆D资金资金的变化与在生物医学科学中入学和完成博士学位的研究生的数量和多样性之间的因果关系。我们还将调查研发资金的变化如何影响这些领域任命的博士后的数量和组成。多样性的措施将包括生物医学科学家的性别，种族和种族以及公民身份/移民身份。该项目还将探索在不同类型的学术机构中联邦研发资金影响的影响。 公共卫生相关性：该项目评估了美国大学的联邦生命科学研发资金的短期增加是否增加了博士生物医学科学家进入科学劳动力的数量和多样性。