Breath CO and Cotinine as Biomarkers to Distinguish Smokers From Nonsmokers

呼吸一氧化碳和可替宁作为区分吸烟者和非吸烟者的生物标志物

• 批准号: 8148575
• 负责人: Stephen Heishman
• 金额: $ 19.56万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8148575
• 关键词: Biological Markers; Cotinine; Smoker; non-smoker

Smoking indicators such as breath carbon monoxide (CO) and semiquantitative cotinine immunoassay test strips (urine and saliva NicAlert) are frequently relied on to determine smoking status, but few studies have evaluated the relative performance of these indicators alone and in combination. Additionally, there is still disagreement about the optimal breath CO cutoff to discriminate smokers from nonsmokers. Nontreatment seeking smokers (heavy and light) and nonsmokers (exposed and not exposed to passive smoking environments) completed smoking histories and provided breath CO, urine, and saliva specimens. Urine and saliva specimens were assayed for cotinine by NicAlert and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LCMSMS). An optimal breath CO cutoff was established using self-report and gold standard LCMSMS analysis of cotinine as reference measures. Performance of self-report, breath CO (at optimal cutoff), urine NicAlert, saliva NicAlert, and combinations of these indicators were compared to LCMSMS as the reference. Breath CO ≥5 ppm optimally discriminated smokers from nonsmokers. Saliva NicAlert performance was less effective than the other indicators, which performed similarly in predicting smoking status determined by LCMSMS. The optimal breath CO cutoff of ≥5 ppm is lower than the ≥8-10 ppm cutoff recommended by the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco in 2002. Recent public health initiatives to decrease passive smoke exposure may have lowered breath CO from environmental exposure, allowing a lower cutoff level to efficiently differentiate smokers from nonsmokers. A combination of self-report, breath CO (cutoff ≥5 ppm), and urine NicAlert testing can optimally determine smoking status.

吸烟指标，例如一氧化碳（CO）和半定量可替氨酸免疫测定测试条（尿液和唾液Nicalert），经常依靠来确定吸烟状态，但是很少有研究能够评估这些指标的相对性能。此外，关于最佳呼气CO临界值仍然存在分歧，以区分吸烟者和非吸烟者。寻求吸烟者（沉重和轻度）和非吸烟者（暴露和不暴露于被动吸烟环境）的非治疗方法完成了吸烟史，并提供了呼吸CO，尿液和唾液标本。通过NICALERT和液相色谱串联质谱法（LCMSMS）测定尿液和唾液标本。使用Cotinine的自我报告和金标准LCMSMS分析作为参考度量，建立了最佳的呼气CO临界值。将自我报告，呼气CO（最佳截止时），尿液Nicalert，唾液Nicalert和这些指标组合的性能与LCMSMS进行比较。呼气co≥5ppm与非吸烟者的最佳区分吸烟者。唾液nicalert性能的有效性不如其他指标，该指标在预测LCMSMS确定的吸烟状态方面的性能类似。 ≥5ppm的最佳呼气CO临界值低于≥8-10ppm≥8-10ppm的临界值，该研究学会于2002年推荐了尼古丁和烟草研究协会。最近的公共卫生计划以减少被动烟雾暴露可能会导致环境暴露降低呼气CO，从而使较低的临界值能够有效地使吸烟者与非烟员有效区分。自我报告，呼气CO（截止≥5ppm）和尿液Nicalert测试的组合可以最佳地确定吸烟状态。