Malarial Immunity in Pregnant Cameroonian Women

喀麦隆孕妇的疟疾免疫力

• 批准号: 8080162
• 负责人: Diane Wallace Taylor
• 金额: $ 58.98万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-06-01 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8080162
• 关键词: Abbreviations; Address; Adverse effects; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; African; Anemia; Antibodies; Antibody Formation; Antigens; Antimalarials; Applications Grants; Area; Asthma; B-Lymphocytes; Birth; Bite; Cameroon; Cells; Cellular Immunity; Central Africa; Child; Chloroquine; Chondroitin Sulfate A; Cities; Clinic; Clinical; Conceptions; Developing Countries; Enrollment; Erythrocytes; Falciparum Malaria; Fansidar; Fetal Growth Retardation; Fever; Fluorescence; Goals; Growth; Hawaii; Health; Healthcare; Immunity; Immunoglobulin G; Individual; Infant; Infection; Intervention; Lead; Life; Low Birth Weight Infant; Malaria; Malaria prevention; Maternal Mortality; Maternal and Child Health; Methods; Mononuclear; Mothers; Newborn Infant; Parasites; Pathology; Placenta; Plasmodium falciparum; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Outcome; Pregnant Women; Prevention strategy; Preventive; Pyrimethamine; Pyrimethamine-Sulfadoxine; Regimen; Research Personnel; Risk; Rural; Scientist; Severities; Slide; Sulfadoxine; Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance; Suspension substance; Suspensions; T-Lymphocyte; Technology; Testing; Time; Uncertainty; Universities; Variant; Woman; Women' s Health; World Health Organization; acquired immunity; antigen binding; fetal; improved; in utero; inhibiting antibody; neonate; pregnant; resistant strain; stem; transmission process; vaccine candidate

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary: Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a major health problem for pregnant women since it increases maternal mortality and poor pregnancy outcomes. In addition, infants whose mothers have malaria during pregnancy are at an increased risk of developing severe malaria, anemia, asthma and dying during the first year of life than those whose mothers remain malaria-free. Our long-term goal is to improve the health of women and children living in sub-Saharan Africa. Accordingly, scientists at the University of Yaounde, Cameroon and University of Hawaii propose to answer key questions about the current recommended strategy for prevention of malaria during pregnancy, namely intermittent preventive treatment using sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPT-SP). Specifically, we seek to determine if IPT-SP administered during the 2nd and/or 3rd trimester influences 1) the acquisition of antibodies (Ab) that inhibit parasite sequestration in the placenta, 2) placental pathology associated with low birthweight babies, 3) transplacental transfer of antimalarial IgG to vaccine-candidate antigens, 4) in utero priming of fetal T and B cells, and 5) the number and severity of P. falciparum infections infants have, as well as their rate of acquisition of immunity, during the first year of life. Studies will be conducted in the city of Yaounde where transmission is ~1 infectious bite per month and in rural villages where individuals receive ~0.7 infectious bites per night. The proposed studies will be the first to evaluate IPT-SP in pregnant women living in Central/West Africa and in an area where transmission of malaria is low. It will also be the first to study the effect of IPT-SP on production of Ab to the malaria antigen VAR2csa and how this relates to placental pathology associated with LEW babies. Finally, the study will be the first to determine if IPT-SP reduces the level of protective immunity infants have at birth and how this influences malaria episodes and Ab responses in infants during the 1st year of life. Relevance: The proposed study will help determine the strengths and weaknesses of the method currently recommended by the World Health Organization for prevention of malaria in pregnant women living in developing countries. New information from this study should lead to improved health care for African mothers and their children.

描述（由申请人提供）：项目摘要：恶性疟原虫疟疾是孕妇的主要健康问题，因为它会增加孕产妇死亡和妊娠结局不佳。此外，在怀孕期间母亲患有疟疾的婴儿的风险增加了严重的疟疾，贫血，哮喘和死亡的第一年，而母亲仍然没有疟疾。我们的长期目标是改善居住在撒哈拉以南非洲的妇女和儿童的健康。因此，Yaounde，喀麦隆大学和夏威夷大学的科学家提议回答有关当前预防怀孕期间推荐策略的关键问题，即使用磺胺毒素 - 羟基胺（IPT-SP）进行间歇性预防治疗。具体而言，我们试图确定在第二和/或第三三个月期间使用IPT-SP会影响1）抑制胎盘中寄生虫隔离的抗体（AB）的获取，2）胎盘病理学，2）与低出生的婴儿相关的胎盘病理学，3）原始抗微生物IGG的抗杀菌剂和fetcine-fetcine-fetcine-fetcine-fterigi ant utigi ant fterigi ant toter，4 5）恶性疟原虫感染的数量和严重程度以及在生命的第一年内具有免疫力的率。研究将在Yaounde市进行，该市每月传播约1个传染性叮咬和个人每晚受到约0.7次传染性叮咬的农村村庄。拟议的研究将是第一个评估居住在中非/西非的孕妇IPT-SP的研究，以及疟疾传播较低的地区。这也将是第一个研究IPT-SP对AB生产对疟疾抗原Var2CSA的影响的影响，以及这与与Lew婴儿相关的胎盘病理学的关系。最后，这项研究将是第一个确定IPT-SP的研究是否会降低婴儿出生时的保护性免疫水平，以及这如何影响婴儿在生命的第1年中对疟疾发作和AB反应的影响。相关性：拟议的研究将有助于确定世界卫生组织在发展中国家孕妇预防疟疾当前建议的方法的优势和缺点。这项研究的新信息应导致改善非​​洲母亲及其子女的医疗保健。