Training of Cameroonian Scientists in Research on Malaria

对喀麦隆科学家进行疟疾研究培训

• 批准号: 8305507
• 负责人: Diane Wallace Taylor
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2016-07-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8305507
• 关键词: African; Antimalarials; Area; Biology; Biotechnology; Cameroon; Central Africa; Child; Clinical Trials Design; Communicable Diseases; Country; Diagnostic tests; Disease; Doctor of Philosophy; Drug Kinetics; Drug resistance; Educational workshop; Evolution; Faculty; Fetal Development; Flow Cytometry; Goals; Grant; Health Resources; Healthcare; Immunology; Infant; Infection; Insecticides; Malaria; Maternal and Child Health; Measures; Mentors; Monitor; Newborn Infant; Parasites; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physicians; Placenta; Plasmodium falciparum; Postdoctoral Fellow; Pregnant Women; Prevalence; Public Health; Research; Research Training; Residencies; Scientist; Students; Time; Training; Training Activity; Training Programs; Ultrasonography; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; design; high risk; improved; member; programs; skills; vector

ABSTRACT Malaria, caused by Plasmodium falciparum, is one of the three major infectious diseases in the world today. The introduction of control measures including insecticide-treated bednets, rapid diagnostic tests, and intermittent preventative treatment (IPT) have reduced the prevalence of malaria in a number of African countries, yet malaria remains highly endemic in central Africa where public health resources are poor. At highest risk of severe infections are pregnant women and young children. More than ever, well-trained African scientists are needed to monitor the changing landscape as the malaria picture rapidly changes. Scientists in Cameroon are actively engage in research on malaria, but additional expertise and faculty are needed to identify malaria- related problems as they arise and design strategies to solve them. Therefore, the purpose of this application is to help young Cameroonian scientists acquired the skills necessary for conducting research on malaria, with a focus on malaria in pregnant women and infants. In 1994, scientists at the University of Yaound¿ 1, Cameroon, and Georgetown University began collaborating on malaria at the Biotechnology Center (BTC). Through continuous NIH grant support and a training grant from the Maternal and Child Health Research Training Program (MCHRT), a group of 5 full- time faculty members, >6 well-trained technicians, and ~40 students are conducting research at the BTC. Previous trainees wish to return after completing their post-doctoral and residency programs in the USA. This application proposes ways to help the malaria group at the BTC acquire the critical mass and expertise it needs to develop a long-term sustainable research program on malaria. The specific goal of the application is to provide expertises that is currently lacking at the BTC that would supplement on-going research. Areas of training include 1) use of anti-malarial drugs (pharmacokinetics, evolution of parasite-drug resistance, and clinical trial design), 2) immunology of the placenta, with emphasis on flow cytometry, 3) co-infections between malaria and other diseases, 4) use of ultrasound for monitoring fetal development, and 5) vector biology. The program includes training of 3 PhD-level and 4 MS-level students, mentoring of returning clinicians(s) in OB/GYN and infectious diseases, and training of local physicians in ultrasound. Three in-country workshops designed and conducted by former FIC trainees are proposed. These training activities will significantly contribute to the long-term goal of creating a group of scientists at the BTC whose research will continue to improve the health care of pregnant women and their newborns.

抽象的 疟疾是由恶性疟原虫引起的，是世界三大传染病之一。 当今世界迅速采取了包括经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐在内的控制措施。 诊断测试和间歇性预防治疗（IPT）已降低了患病率 一些非洲国家存在疟疾，但中部非洲疟疾仍然高度流行 公共卫生资源匮乏的地区，孕妇遭受严重感染的风险最高。 和幼儿，比以往任何时候都更需要训练有素的非洲科学家来监测。 随着疟疾形势的迅速变化，喀麦隆的科学家正在积极采取行动。 参与疟疾研究，但需要更多的专业知识和教师来识别疟疾 出现相关问题并设计解决这些问题的策略。 申请的目的是帮助年轻的喀麦隆科学家获得进行研究所需的技能 1994年，科学家们对疟疾进行了研究，重点关注孕妇和婴儿的疟疾。 在雅温得大学?? 1、喀麦隆与乔治敦大学开始合作 生物技术中心 (BTC) 的疟疾研究通过持续的 NIH 拨款支持和培训。 来自妇幼健康研究培训计划 (MCHRT) 的拨款，该计划由 5 名全职人员组成 time 的教职人员、超过 6 名训练有素的技术人员和约 40 名学生正在 以前的 BTC 学员希望在完成博士后和住院实习后返回。 该应用程序提出了帮助 BTC 疟疾小组的方法。 获得开展长期可持续研究所需的临界质量和专业知识 该应用程序的具体目标是提供当前的专业知识。 BTC 缺乏对正在进行的研究进行补充的培训领域包括 1) 使用。 抗疟疾药物（药代动力学、寄生虫耐药性的演变和临床试验 设计），2）胎盘免疫学，重点是流式细胞术，3）合并感染 疟疾和其他疾病之间的关系，4) 使用超声波监测胎儿发育，以及 5) 该计划包括对 3 名博士级学生和 4 名硕士级学生的培训和指导。 产科/妇科和传染病方面的回国婴儿的培训，以及当地医生的培训 由前 FIC 学员设计和举办的三个国内研讨会是 这些培训活动将极大地促进创建一个长期目标。 BTC 的科学家小组，他们的研究将继续改善孕妇的医疗保健 妇女及其新生儿。