2011 Microbial Population Biology Gordon Research Conference

2011年微生物种群生物学戈登研究会议

• 批准号: 8123934
• 负责人: JAMES J BULL
• 金额: $ 0.8万
• 依托单位: GORDON RESEARCH CONFERENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-06-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8123934
• 关键词: Academia; Address; Affect; Animal Model; Area; Automobile Driving; Avian Influenza A Virus; Bacteria; Bacteriophages; Base Sequence; Basic Science; Biology; Body Surface; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Computational Biology; Dengue; Discipline; Disease; Ecology; Environment; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Evolution; Foundations; Funding; Genitourinary system; Goals; HIV; HIV drug resistance; Health; Human; Immunity; Industry; Infectious Agent; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; Life; Lung; Mediating; Medical Microbiology; Metagenomics; Methods; Microbe; Molecular; Molecular Biology; Mutation; Obesity; Organism; Participant; Physicians; Poliomyelitis; Population; Population Biology; Population Dynamics; Population Genetics; Predisposition; Probiotics; Process; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Personnel; Scientist; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; Structure; Students; Surface; Systems Biology; Virus; West Nile virus; Work; bacterial genetics; disorder control; falls; fitness; insight; meetings; methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; microbial; microbial community; microbiome; novel; pandemic disease; practical application; prebiotics; symposium; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): 2011 Microbial Population Biology Gordon Conference Microbial population biology covers a diverse range of contemporary issues. Firmly founded in evolutionary biology and ecology with a strong integrative approach, the GRC in Microbial Population Biology attracts researchers from evolutionary biology, ecology, computational biology, molecular biology, medical microbiology and epidemiology, bacterial genetics, population genetics, and more recently, systems biology and metagenomics. This application seeks funding to support speakers and students at the 2011 meeting of the Microbial Population Biology GRC. One major emphasis of this meeting is the evolution and dynamics of infectious disease. Recent years have seen the emergence of HIV, SARS, West Nile (in the U.S.), MRSA, and a new H1N1 pandemic a year ago. While the treatment and mechanistic study of diseases typically falls within the domains of clinicians and microbiologists, the emergence of new infectious diseases is primarily a problem in evolution and ecology. Molecular biology might tell us which mutations adapt a bird flu virus to human-human transmission, but it is evolutionary biology that asks about the fate of those mutations once arisen, and epidemiology tells us if a virus is dynamically able to spread. Evolutionary and population biology are equally critical in understanding how to control diseases once they have 'emerged.' A second focus is our microbiome, the collective multitude of microbes living on us. Deceptively, this new topic may seem disconnected from infectious disease, but it may prove to be relevant to infectious disease and much more. Although basic work is now being done to identify what constitutes our microbiome, how it differs among us, and how it changes, population biology (including ecology) will provide the foundation for understanding the processes governing microbiome composition and how it might be manipulated to our benefit, such as the effects various probiotic and prebiotic species have on our health and our susceptibility to infectious agents. Progress on these problems requires that physicians talk with population and evolutionary biologists; that theorists talk with experimentalists. We propose to bring together a diverse spectrum of scientists to focus on these issues at the fore of microbes and human health. In this meeting, therefore, a strong emphasis is being placed on applications, with talks from industry and academicians attempting to control and influence microbes of human relevance. The ensuing exchange of ideas, often fuelled by open debate among the full spectrum of meeting participants, will provoke the emergence of new concepts and approaches for these important health issues. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Microbes are important to our health. Some cause infectious disease, others are part of our microbiome - the thousands of species inhabiting our gut and other surfaces that mediate our interaction with the environment. Much understanding of microbes has been and is being made at a mechanistic level, but understanding of the evolutionary and population dynamics of microbes and their communities lags. We propose a meeting of a broad swathe of scientists, including physicians, epidemiologists, molecular biologists and evolutionary and other population biologists, to focus on microbes and human health at the 2011 GRC on Microbial Population Biology.

描述（由申请人提供）：2011 年微生物种群生物学戈登会议微生物种群生物学涵盖了多种当代问题。微生物群体生物学GRC以进化生物学和生态学为坚实基础，采用强有力的综合方法，吸引了来自进化生物学、生态学、计算生物学、分子生物学、医学微生物学和流行病学、细菌遗传学、群体遗传学以及最近的系统生物学的研究人员和宏基因组学。此申请寻求资金支持 2011 年微生物种群生物学 GRC 会议上的演讲者和学生。 这次会议的一大重点是传染病的演变和动态。近年来，出现了艾滋病毒、非典、西尼罗河病毒（美国）、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌，以及一年前出现的新的 H1N1 流感大流行。虽然疾病的治疗和机制研究通常属于临床医生和微生物学家的领域，但新传染病的出现主要是进化和生态学的问题。分子生物学可能会告诉我们哪些突变使禽流感病毒适应人际传播，但进化生物学询问这些突变一旦出现后的命运，而流行病学则告诉我们病毒是否能够动态传播。进化生物学和群体生物学对于理解如何控制疾病“出现”同样重要。 第二个焦点是我们的微生物组，即生活在我们身上的大量微生物的集合。具有欺骗性的是，这个新主题似乎与传染病无关，但事实可能证明它与传染病等相关。尽管现在正在进行基础工作来确定我们的微生物组的构成、它在我们之间有何不同以及它如何变化，但群体生物学（包括生态学）将为理解控制微生物组组成的过程以及如何操纵它来影响我们的健康提供基础。益处，例如各种益生菌和益生元对我们的健康和对传染源的易感性的影响。 这些问题的进展需要医生与人口和进化生物学家交谈；理论家与实验家交谈。我们建议汇集不同领域的科学家，重点关注微生物和人类健康的这些前沿问题。因此，在这次会议上，重点放在应用上，工业界和院士们的演讲试图控制和影响与人类相关的微生物。随后的思想交流，通常由所有与会者之间的公开辩论推动，将引发针对这些重要健康问题的新概念和新方法的出现。 公共卫生相关性：微生物对我们的健康很重要。有些会引起传染病，有些是我们微生物组的一部分——栖息在我们肠道和其他表面的数千种物种，介导我们与环境的相互作用。人们对微生物的了解已经和正在机械层面上进行，但对微生物及其群落的进化和种群动态的了解却滞后。我们提议在 2011 年微生物种群生物学 GRC 上召开一次广泛的科学家会议，包括医生、流行病学家、分子生物学家以及进化生物学家和其他种群生物学家，重点关注微生物和人类健康。