Peripheral Auditory System Function in Humans: Continuum of Maturation and Aging

人类外周听觉系统功能：成熟和衰老的连续过程

• 批准号: 7850255
• 负责人: Carolina Abdala
• 金额: $ 22.64万
• 依托单位: HOUSE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-17 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7850255
• 关键词: 2 year old; Accounting; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Aging; Aging-Related Process; Amplifiers; Arts; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory Physiology; Auditory system; Basilar Membrane; Biological; Biological Assay; Birth; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Cochlea; Communication; Contralateral; Diagnosis; Ear; Elderly; Evaluation; External auditory canal; Frequencies; Generations; Goals; Health; Hearing; Hearing Tests; Human; Individual; Infant; Intervention; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Life; Longevity; Measurement; Measures; Medial; Methodology; Metric; Newborn Infant; Noise; Outer Hair Cells; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Peripheral; Phase; Physiology; Play; Population; Premature Infant; Prevalence; Principal Investigator; Process; Publishing; Reflex action; Relative (related person); Role; Signal Transduction; Source; Specific qualifier value; Speech; Speech Perception; Stimulus; Structure; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; TimeLine; Work; age group; age related; base; clinical practice; indexing; middle age; neonate; novel strategies; otoacoustic emission; postnatal; premature; research study; response; tool; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goals of this project are to investigate changes in peripheral auditory function during maturation and aging and to investigate the relationship between these changes and concomitant changes in auditory perception. Specifically, we will: (1) define the time course for maturation and aging of distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) fine structure and the individual components comprising the distortion product, (2) define the time course for maturation and aging of the medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex and (3) relate the observed changes in peripheral auditory physiology to changes in speech perception throughout the human lifespan. Past work has established that peripheral immaturities in the auditory system exist postnatally but the time course for maturation has not been defined, nor have the sources of this immaturity been fully specified. Experiments in this project will allow us to complete the maturational time line, examine the sources of immaturity by studying auditory function at multiple levels of the system, and consider how these changes in peripheral function impact communicative ability. The objectives will be achieved by implementing a novel approach that considers change in peripheral auditory function throughout the human lifespan as a continuum, including both maturational and aging processes. The first aim will be addressed by measuring DPOAE fine structure to parse out the relative contribution from two basilar membrane sources: the DPOAE generator region and the DP characteristic frequency (CF) region. State-of-the-art swept-tone methodology will be used in eight age groups ranging from premature infants to elderly adults. There are currently no published studies of DPOAE fine structure in infants although this issue may be highly relevant to questions of cochlear maturation. The second aim will be accomplished by implementing a DPOAE contralateral noise technique to measure MOC reflexes in the same eight age groups at three frequencies. This paradigm will take into account each subject's individual DPOAE fine structure pattern and record the MOC reflex at response peaks (maxima) only, to control for the relationship between DPOAE components during maturation and aging. The third aim will be accomplished by measuring speech perception in noise along with the two previously described metrics of peripheral auditory function, in adolescent through elderly subjects. This experiment will examine the relationship between changes in the periphery and communicative ability and define the extent to which changes in auditory peripheral physiology throughout life can account for changes in perception. This work is relevant to hearing health and clinical practice because it will provide a normative framework for changes in auditory peripheral function from birth through old age. Furthermore, defining DPOAE fine structure in the pediatric population will help specify which cochlear regions are evaluated during routine DPOAE hearing tests and, thus, have the potential to increase accuracy of hearing diagnoses in children. Finally, this project will lead to a clearer understanding of how natural changes in auditory peripheral function contribute to diminishing speech perception in latter years and will help parse out peripheral versus central contributions to this decline. This work will provide a normative framework for natural changes in auditory peripheral function during maturation and aging and will help specify which cochlear regions (and frequencies) are actually assessed during a routine pediatric hearing evaluation using otoacoustic emissions. This information has the potential to increase the sophistication and accuracy of hearing evaluations and thus, of subsequent intervention. This work will also lead to an understanding of how natural, lifetime changes in auditory peripheral function contribute to diminishing speech perception during the latter decades of life and help parse out peripheral versus central contributions to this decline.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的长期目标是调查成熟和衰老期间外围听觉功能的变化，并研究这些变化与听觉感知的伴随变化之间的关系。具体而言，我们将：（1）定义扭曲产物耳声发射（DPOAE）的成熟和老化的时间过程，良好的结构和包含失真产物的个体组件，（2）定义了内侧奥利维化学（MOC）反射和（3）跨性别变化的言语的成熟和老化的时间过程，并在periperiative范围内进行periperivies的变化。寿命。过去的工作已经确定，听觉系统中的外围不成熟是在产后存在的，但是尚未定义成熟的时间过程，也没有完全指定这种不成熟的来源。该项目中的实验将使我们能够完成成熟时间线，通过研究系统多个级别的听觉功能来检查不成熟的来源，并考虑外围功能中的这些变化如何影响交流能力。将通过实施一种新的方法来实现目标，该方法将整个人类寿命的周围听觉功能变化为连续体，包括成熟过程和衰老过程。第一个目标将通过测量DPOAE精细结构来解决两个基底膜源的相对贡献：DPOAE发电机区域和DP特征频率（CF）区域。最先进的扫描方法将用于从早产儿到老年人的八个年龄组中。目前尚无关于婴儿DPOAE精细结构的发表研究，尽管此问题可能与人工耳蜗成熟问题高度相关。第二个目标将通过实现DPOAE对侧噪声技术来在三个频率下测量相同八个年龄段的MOC反射。该范式将考虑每个受试者的单个DPOAE精细结构模式，并仅在响应峰（最大值）下记录MOC反射，以控制成熟和衰老过程中DPOAE组件之间的关系。第三个目标将通过测量噪声中的语音感知以及在青少年通过老年受试者中的两个先前描述的外周听觉函数的指标来实现。该实验将检查周围变化与沟通能力的变化之间的关系，并确定在整个生命中听觉外围生理学变化的程度可以解释感知的变化。这项工作与听力健康和临床实践有关，因为它将为从出生到老年的听觉外周功能变化提供规范性框架。此外，定义小儿种群中的DPOAE良好结构将有助于指定在常规DPOAE听力测试期间评估哪些耳蜗区域，因此有可能提高儿童听力诊断的准确性。最后，该项目将使对听觉外围功能的自然变化如何有助于后期的语音感知减少，并有助于解析外围和对这种下降的核心贡献。这项工作将为成熟和衰老过程中听觉外周功能的自然变化提供一个规范性框架，并有助于指定在常规的儿科听力听力评估期间，实际上评估了哪些耳蜗区域（和频率），并使用耳声发电。该信息有可能提高听力评估的复杂性和准确性，从而提高随后的干预。这项工作还将导致了解听觉外围功能的自然，终生变化如何有助于在生命的后几十年中降低语音感知，并有助于解析外围和对这种下降的中心贡献。