Wireless High-Density Diffuse Optical Tomography for Decoding Brain Activity

用于解码大脑活动的无线高密度漫射光学断层扫描

基本信息

批准号：
9791172
负责人：
JOSEPH P CULVER
金额：
$ 67.99万
依托单位：
WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-24 至 2022-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9791172
关键词：
5 year old Activities of Daily Living Address Adult Affect Algorithms Architecture Atlases Attention Auditory Brain Brain Mapping Cerebral Palsy Child Childhood Classification Clinical Cognitive Coupled Data Data Set Detection Development Diagnostic Disease Dorsal Dyskinetic syndrome Engineering Family member Fiber Floor Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Functional disorder Goals Grant Head Health Image In Situ Individual Infant Intelligence Language Learning Lighting Locked-In Syndrome Logistics Magnetic Resonance Imaging Maps Modeling Morphologic artifacts Motion Motor Movement Movement Disorders Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Noise Optics Patients Performance Population Protocols documentation Reporting Resolution Rest Sensory Software Tools Stimulus System Techniques Technology Testing Visual Wireless Technology Work age group aged base care providers cognitive capacity cognitive neuroscience convolutional neural network cortex mapping density design detector diffuse optical tomography flexibility improved instrument instrumentation light weight motor disorder motor impairment movie neuroimaging novel optical imaging pediatric patients photonics prevent prognostic tool response spasticity tomography tool visual motor voluntary movement disorder

项目摘要

Project Summary This grant will develop a wireless wearable high-performance, high-density diffuse optical tomography (DOT) instrument for mapping of brain function in naturalistic settings. Functional neuroimaging of healthy adults has enabled mapping of brain function and revolutionized cognitive neuroscience. Increasingly, functional neuroimaging is being used in younger age groups, and as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in the clinical setting. Its expanding application in the study of both health and disease necessitates new, more flexible tools. The logistics of traditional functional brain scanners (e.g., fMRI) are ill-suited to many subjects. In particular, fMRI is not suited for imaging subjects who cannot lie sufficiently still in MRI scanners. In addition to young children (i.e. under 5 years old) in general, this requirement also excludes children with disorders of voluntary movement, such as moderate to severe cerebral palsy. A majority of patients with CP have either spasticity and/or dyskinesia, movement disorders that prohibits successful fMRI due to motion artifacts. A subset of CP subjects can be considered to have effectively a pediatric form of a “locked-in-syndrome”, in the sense that, while intelligence can be spared entirely, motor system dysfunction prevents the ability to speak or sign. Not uncommonly, the intellectual capacities of these children are never recognized by care-providers, educators, and family members. Thus, there are many intriguing questions in the CP population that could be addressed with functional neuroimaging, such as questions of motor plasticity and learning, perhaps the most compelling is identifying and characterizing the cognitive and neuroanatomical architecture of children with CP who are locked in. Such work could provide a path to unlocking the cognitive capacities of children with severe motor dysfunction. These studies cannot be done with fMRI. Optical imaging has long held promise as a naturalistic neuroimaging technique. Recent development of high- density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT), a tomographic version of fNIRS, has improved image quality dramatically. When matched within subjects against fMRI, HD-DOT now can obtain localization errors <5mm, and point spread functions <15 mm FWHM, sufficient to localize functions to gyri. While initial HD-DOT reports have been confined to simpler sensory networks (visual and motor), recent results demonstrate the feasibility of mapping distributed cognitive networks, including the dorsal attention and default mode networks. Despite these advances, application of HD-DOT to naturalistic studies has been limited by a barrier imposed by a tradeoff between coverage and wear-ability. The central photonic challenges are optical sensitivity - which would bias design towards larger/heavier fibers, and coverage - which would bias design towards a larger number of fibers. In this proposal, Aims 1-2 address the technological challenges of developing a lightweight wireless HD-DOT(WHD-DOT) system. Aim 3 develops the functional neuroimaging paradigms needed to map and decode brain function with WHD-DOT. In Aim 4, we assess the feasibility of mapping and decoding pediatric patients with cerebral palsy using WHD-DOT.

项目概要这笔赠款将开发无线可穿戴高性能、高密度漫射光学断层扫描 (DOT) 用于在自然环境中绘制健康成年人的功能神经成像的仪器。能够绘制大脑功能图并彻底改变认知神经科学。神经影像学正在年轻群体中使用，并作为临床环境中的诊断和预后工具。它在扩展健康和疾病研究中的应用需要新的、更灵活的工具。传统功能性脑扫描仪（例如功能磁共振成像）的后勤工作不适合许多科目，特别是功能磁共振成像。不适合无法在 MRI 扫描仪中充分静止的成像对象（即幼儿）。 5岁以下）一般来说，这一要求也不包括患有随意运动障碍的儿童，例如中度至重度脑瘫。大多数 CP 患者有痉挛和/或痉挛。运动障碍，由于运动伪影而无法成功进行 fMRI 的运动障碍，是 CP 受试者的一个子集。可以被认为实际上是一种儿科形式的“闭锁综合症”，从某种意义上说，虽然智力可以完全幸免，运动系统功能障碍会阻碍说话或手语的能力。不同寻常的是，这些儿童的智力从未得到照料者、教育者、因此，CP 人群中有许多有趣的问题可以解决。对于功能性神经影像学，例如运动可塑性和学习问题，也许最引人注目的是识别和描述被锁住的脑瘫儿童的认知和神经解剖结构此类工作可以为释放严重运动儿童的认知能力提供一条途径这些研究无法通过功能磁共振成像来完成。光学成像长期以来一直被认为是一种自然神经成像技术。密度漫射光学断层扫描 (HD-DOT) 是 fNIRS 的断层扫描版本，提高了图像质量当在受试者中与 fMRI 进行匹配时，HD-DOT 现在可以获得 <5mm 的定位误差，点扩散函数 <15 mm FWHM，足以在初始 HD-DOT 报告时将函数本地化。仅限于更简单的感觉网络（视觉和运动），最近的结果证明了绘制分布式认知网络，包括背侧注意力网络和默认模式网络。尽管取得了这些进步，HD-DOT 在自然研究中的应用仍然受到以下障碍的限制：覆盖范围和耐磨性之间的权衡是光学灵敏度的核心挑战。会使设计偏向于更大/更重的纤维，并且覆盖范围 - 这将使设计偏向于更大的纤维在该提案中，目标 1-2 解决了开发轻质纤维的技术挑战。无线 HD-DOT(WHD-DOT) 系统开发了绘制地图所需的功能性神经影像范例。并使用 WHD-DOT 解码大脑功能在目标 4 中，我们评估了绘制和解码儿科的可行性。脑瘫患者使用 WHD-DOT。