Naturalistic Brain Mapping in Children with Diffuse Optical Tomography

利用漫射光学断层扫描对儿童进行自然脑图绘制

• 批准号: 10720660
• 负责人: JOSEPH P CULVER
• 金额: $ 59.56万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10720660
• 关键词: Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Algorithms; Anatomy; Atlases; Atypical autism; Behavioral Symptoms; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Mapping; Breathing; Child; Comparative Study; Complement; Detection; Development; Devices; Digital Signal Processing; Early Diagnosis; Early Intervention; Environment; Fiber; Fiber Optics; Floor; Functional Imaging; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; General Population; Grant; Head; Helmet; Human; Image; In Situ; Life; Light; Loudness; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Modernization; Motion; Multivariate Analysis; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Noise; Optics; Participant; Pattern; Performance; Physiological Processes; Population; Predisposition; Prognosis; Protocols documentation; Reproducibility; Resolution; Rest; School-Age Population; Signal Transduction; Silicon; Specificity; Stimulus; Surface; System; Television; Toddler; Translating; Validation; autism spectrum disorder; awake; behavioral response; computerized tools; density; design; detection sensitivity; diffuse optical tomography; ergonomics; experience; flexibility; functional near infrared spectroscopy; improved; improved outcome; innovation; instrument; instrumentation; light weight; movie; multimodality; neuroimaging; optical fiber; photomultiplier; preservation; response; statistics; treatment strategy

This grant will develop high-performance naturalistic optical functional imaging instrumentation, paradigms, and computational tools for mapping typical and atypical brain development. An exemplar neurodevelopmental disorder, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), affects 1/54 children in the general population. Because early interventions in toddlers with ASD have been proven to result in improved outcomes, innovative methods for early detection of the alterations in brain function underlying ASD prior to manifestation of behavioral symptoms are necessary to advance treatment strategies and improve prognoses. Current brain mapping methods such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) offer promising sensitivity to healthy development progression and to atypical ASD brain development, yet pose significant methodological challenges in studies of awake, interacting children due to the loud, claustrophobic environment and the requirement for children to stay still. Further, many imaging paradigms developed for adults are not naturalistic and do not translate well to children Optical neuroimaging, a promising potential surrogate to fMRI, can provide a much more naturalistic imaging experience than MRI. While traditional functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) systems had poor image quality due to sparse imaging arrays, newer high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) systems have improved image quality. However, the large opto-electronic consoles and bulky fiber optics typically used with HD-DOT restrict head motion and require participants to remain stationary to avoid motion induced noise. This grant will develop a unique lightweight HD-DOT system the size of a bike helmet that leverages silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) detection to dramatically improve low light level performance. Naturalistic imaging paradigms aim to recapitulate real-life conditions more closely than traditional reductive protocols (e.g., flashing checkerboard patterns). Ideally, naturalistic paradigms use highly engaging multi-modal content and are particularly well suited for populations (e.g., young children) unable to make overt behavioral responses or perform a repetitive or predictable task. Naturalistic viewing paradigms employing movies or television shows enable repeatability and control over stimulus presentation while preserving greater ecological validity. While feasibility of rudimentary movie regressors have been shown with HD-DOT, the full complexity of movie viewing analyses that has been developed with fMRI has not yet been translated to HD-DOT. To complement movie viewing, we will also advance spontaneous brain activity mapping methods. Functional connectivity analysis of the brain at rest has become a dominant approach to human brain mapping. However, traditional FC analysis rests on bivariate correlation measures that are often susceptible to confounding physiological processes. In contrast, a multi-variate FC (MFC) analysis, developed in this grant for HD-DOT, has the potential to improve the spatial specificity, repeatability, and reliability of the network measures. The movie mapping will complement MFC by providing task localizers, a common feature of modern FC Studies.

这笔赠款将开发高性能自然光学功能成像仪器、范例和 用于绘制典型和非典型大脑发育图的计算工具。神经发育的典范 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 影响着总人口中 1/54 的儿童。因为早 事实证明，对患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 幼儿的干预措施可以改善结果，并采用创新方法 在出现行为症状之前及早发现自闭症谱系障碍的脑功能变化 对于推进治疗策略和改善预后是必要的。目前的脑图绘制方法如 功能性磁共振成像 (fMRI) 对健康发育进程具有良好的敏感性 以及非典型 ASD 大脑发育，但对清醒、 由于吵闹、幽闭恐怖的环境以及要求儿童保持安静而与儿童互动。 此外，许多为成人开发的成像范例并不自然，并且不能很好地应用于儿童 光学神经成像是功能磁共振成像的一种有前途的潜在替代品，可以提供更加自然的成像 经验比MRI。而传统的功能近红外光谱 (fNIRS) 系统的图像质量较差 由于稀疏成像阵列的质量，较新的高密度漫射光学断层扫描 (HD-DOT) 系统 提高图像质量。然而，大型光电控制台和笨重的光纤通常与 HD-DOT 限制头部运动并要求参与者保持静止以避免运动引起的噪音。这 grant 将开发一种独特的轻型 HD-DOT 系统，其大小与自行车头盔一样，利用硅 光电倍增管 (SiPM) 检测可显着提高弱光性能。 自然成像范式旨在比传统的还原性更接近地再现现实生活条件 协议（例如，闪烁的棋盘图案）。理想情况下，自然主义范式使用高度吸引人的多模式 内容，特别适合无法做出明显行为的人群（例如幼儿） 响应或执行重复或可预测的任务。采用电影或 电视节目能够重复性和控制刺激呈现，同时保留更大的生态 有效性。虽然 HD-DOT 已经证明了基本电影回归器的可行性，但 使用 fMRI 开发的电影观看分析尚未转化为 HD-DOT。 为了补充电影观看，我们还将推进自发大脑活动映射方法。功能性 休息时大脑的连接性分析已成为人类大脑绘图的主要方法。然而， 传统的 FC 分析依赖于双变量相关性度量，这些度量通常容易受到混淆 生理过程。相比之下，在本次 HD-DOT 拨款中开发的多变量 FC (MFC) 分析已 提高网络测量的空间特异性、可重复性和可靠性的潜力。电影 映射将通过提供任务定位器来补充 MFC，这是现代 FC 研究的一个共同特征。