Understanding Disparities in Obesity and Weight Behaviors by Sexual Identity

了解不同性别的肥胖和体重行为差异

• 批准号: 8340879
• 负责人: Melissa Nelson Laska
• 金额: $ 18.04万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8340879
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcohols; Area; Assimilations; Behavior; Behavioral; Bisexual; Body Image; Body Weight; Communities; Coupled; Data; Data Analyses; Demographic Factors; Development; Diet; Dietary intake; Eating; Education; Enrollment; Equation; Ethnic Origin; Exhibits; Future; Gays; Gender Identity; HIV; Health; Health Priorities; Health Status; Healthcare; Heterosexuals; Hypertension; Individual; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Institution; Intervention; Investigation; Lesbian; Life; Life Cycle Stages; Literature; Low income; Mediation; Mental Health; Minority; Modeling; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Participant; Pattern; Persons; Physical activity; Probability Samples; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Sampling; Sex Behavior; Sleep; Socioeconomic Status; Staging; Stigmatization; Stress; Students; Testing; Tobacco use; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Weight; Weight maintenance regimen; Woman; Work; Youth; base; behavioral health; body dissatisfaction; cofactor; college; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; experience; health disparity; high school; hypercholesterolemia; men; men who have sex with men; peer; satisfaction; skills; stress management; surveillance data; transgender; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Previous research indicates that lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) adults experience more adverse health outcomes than their peers. Findings from the few studies examining weight disparities among adults suggest that lesbian women are more likely to be overweight or obese compared to their heterosexual peers, though less is known about gay men and bisexuals. Given the scant research to date in this area, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recently issued a call for additional research on LGBT health. Furthermore, IOM highlighted the need to utilize a life-course framework when examining health disparities by sexual identity, acknowledging the unique influence of various life stages on health. Emerging adulthood (i.e., ages 18-25) is an important age at which health disparities emerge, and an age characterized by adverse changes in weight, dietary quality, and physical activity. Emerging adults experience vulnerabilities as they find independence and negotiate new responsibilities, life skills, and identities during the transition to adulthood. For LGBT youth, these transitions may be layered with many additional complexities. In that half of US high school graduates up to age 24 are enrolled in post-secondary education, post-secondary institutions may be important arenas for examining and addressing emerging adult health disparities, including those among LGBT groups. We have the unique opportunity here to analyze 2007-2011 state surveillance data of nearly 30,000 post-secondary students, including a large sub-sample of nearly 2,000 lesbian, gay, bisexual and questioning (LGB) young people, attending an array of 2- and 4-year colleges and universities. Our aims are to: (1) Quantify disparities in obesity, dietary intake, physical activity, unhealthy weight control behavior, body satisfaction and other weight-related health outcomes among LGB and heterosexual students; (2) Identify major weight-related health behavioral patterns, or profiles, and the extent to which these behavioral profiles differ by sexual identity and gender; and (3) Characterize these behavioral profiles by demographic factors and health outcomes (e.g., age, socioeconomic status, health care coverage, obesity, and health status). We hypothesize that LGB students engage in more adverse behaviors than their heterosexual peers and exhibit differential behavioral patterning. For example, based on previous research, we hypothesize that gay men are more likely to exhibit a pattern of unhealthy weight control and body dissatisfaction, whereas lesbians are more likely to engage in a pattern characterized by high physical activity coupled with higher alcohol and tobacco use and other adverse behaviors. Given the limited understanding of LGB weight-related health, particularly emerging adults, this study will fill important gaps in the literature identified by IOM and others. Furthermore, the findings from this R21 will serve as critical formative research needed to inform an R01 that will tailor and test an LGB-specific obesity intervention. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: (1) quantify disparities in obesity, weight behaviors and related outcomes among lesbian, gay, bisexual, questioning (LGB) and heterosexual emerging adults using state surveillance data from nearly 30,000 students attending an array of 2- and 4-year colleges and universities; (2) identify major weight- related health behavioral patterns, or profiles, and the extent to which these behavioral profiles differ by sexual identity and gender; and (3) characterize these behavioral profiles by demographic factors and health outcomes. This study will fill important gaps in the LGB heath disparities literature and inform the development and tailoring of a future obesity intervention among these underserved groups.

描述（由申请人提供）：先前的研究表明，女同性恋，同性恋，双性恋和变性者（LGBT）成年人比同龄人更多的不良健康结果。少数研究成年人体重差异的研究结果表明，与异性恋同龄人相比，女同性恋女性更可能超重或肥胖，尽管对男同性恋者和双性恋者的了解少。鉴于迄今为止在该领域进行的研究很少，医学研究所（IOM）最近发布了有关LGBT Health的其他研究的呼吁。 此外，IOM强调了在通过性认同检查健康差异时需要利用生活课程框架的必要性，承认各种生活阶段对健康的独特影响。新兴的成年（即18-25岁）是出现健康差异的重要年龄，是体重，饮食质量和体育锻炼的不利变化的年龄。新兴的成年人在过渡到成年期间发现独立性，生活技能和身份的新责任，生活技能和身份时会经历脆弱性。为了 LGBT青年，这些过渡可能会带有许多其他复杂性。在美国一半的高中毕业生24岁以下的毕业生接受了专上教育，大专院机构可能是检查和解决新兴的成人健康差异的重要领域，包括LGBT群体中的成人健康差异。 我们在这里有独特的机会分析近30,000名专上学生的2007 - 2011年州监视数据，其中包括近2,000名女同性恋，同性恋，双性恋和质疑（LGB）年轻人的大型子样本，参加了一系列2年和4年的大学。我们的目的是：（1）量化肥胖，饮食摄入，体育锻炼，体重控制行为不健康，身体满意度以及LGB和异性恋学生中其他与体重相关的健康成果的差异； （2）确定与体重相关的主要健康行为模式或特征，以及这些行为特征因性认同和性别的不同程度； （3）通过人口统计学因素和健康结果（例如，年龄，社会经济状况，医疗保健覆盖范围，肥胖和健康状况）来表征这些行为概况。我们假设LGB学生比异性恋同龄人更具不利行为，并表现出不同的行为模式。例如，根据先前的研究，我们假设同性恋者更有可能表现出不健康的体重控制和身体不满的模式，而女同性恋者更有可能参与以高体育锻炼以及较高的酒精和烟草使用和其他不良行为和其他不良行为以及其他不良行为的模式。鉴于对LGB体重相关的健康，尤其是新兴成年人的了解有限，这项研究将填补IOM和其他人确定的文献中的重要空白。此外，该R21的发现将作为将R01告知R01所需的重要形成性研究，该研究将量身定制和测试LGB特异性的肥胖干预措施。 公共卫生相关性：（1）使用近30,000名参加2岁和4年大学阵列的学生的州监视数据，量化女同性恋，同性恋，双性恋，询问（LGB）和异性恋新兴成年人的肥胖，体重行为和相关结果的差异； （2）确定主要的体重与健康行为模式或概况，以及这些行为概况因性认同和性别的不同程度； （3）通过人口统计学因素和健康结果来表征这些行为概况。这项研究将填补LGB Heath差异文献中的重要空白，并为这些服务不足的群体中未来的肥胖干预措施的发展和裁缝提供信息。