Child Pedestrian Injuries and Built Urban Environment: Evaluation of a Safe Route

儿童行人伤害与城市建成环境：安全路线评估

• 批准号: 8010001
• 负责人: Charles DiMaggio
• 金额: $ 17.47万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8010001
• 关键词: Child; Pedestrian; Injuries; Built; Urban

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Structured Abstract/Summary " Relation to a research objectives in the FOA. The study addresses the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention priority areas of healthy communities, healthy children, and achieving public health equity. It is responsive to the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control Funding Opportunity Announcement research objectives of exploratory and developmental research that will expand and advance our understanding of causes and approaches to prevent unintentional injury among children, research into the cost-effectiveness of policies to prevent transportation injuries to children, and opportunistic evaluations of changes in environments that could influence the rate of unintentional childhood injuries. " Importance. In the United States, injury exacts a greater toll in potential years of life lost than cancer and cardiovascular disease combined. Injuries tend to afflict the youngest members of society, and no child is more at risk of serious injury than the pediatric pedestrian. In one estimate 50,000 children in the U.S. are struck by cars each year with 1,800 dying " Objectives. Our overarching goal is evaluate the effectiveness of a large-scale federally-funded Safe Routes to School (SRTS) transportation initiative of safety improvements to the built environment surrounding public schools to prevent pediatric pedestrian injuries. We will test the hypotheses that (1) changes to the built environment are associated with significantly decreased risk of pediatric pedestrian injury occurrence and severity, and (2) the probability of pediatric pedestrian injury is significantly lower in SRTS areas than in non- SRTS areas. " Design. We propose to conduct what is essentially a natural epidemiological experiment through the opportunistic evaluation of a changes in the build environment to prevent and control child pedestrian injury. The study will be based on the secondary analyses of administrative law enforcement and health data sets using time series methods, Poisson regression and Bayesian hierarchical spatial modeling. " Setting. High population and traffic dense urban environments. " Participants. Children under the age of 18. " Interventions. Capital improvements including new traffic and pedestrian signals, the addition of exclusive pedestrian crossing times, speed bumps, speed boards, high visibility crosswalks and new parking regulations at 135 of New York City's 1471 public schools. " Outcomes. The project will result in the evaluation of a large-scale injury control and prevention initiative, the wider dissemination of the best available evidence on cost-effective changes to the built environment in urban settings, and the development and translation of a set of epidemiological tools utilizing recent innovative advances in evidence synthesis and spatiotemporal disease mapping to prevent and control pediatric pedestrian injuries. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Our overarching goal of this study is to conduct an opportunistic epidemiologic evaluation of the effectiveness of a large-scale federally-funded Safe Routes to School (SRTS) transportation initiative of safety improvements to the built environment surrounding public schools to prevent pediatric pedestrian injuries.

描述（由申请人提供）： 结构化的摘要/摘要“与FOA中的研究目标有关。该研究涉及疾病控制和预防的优先事项中心，健康社区，健康儿童以及实现公共卫生公平的领域。它对国家的伤害预防和控制资金的资金机会中心响应于探索性和发展性研究中的策略，以扩大对攻击性的研究，以使我们的攻击性扩大，以扩大自己的理解，以扩大自己的理解，以扩大自己的理解，以扩大自己的理解，以扩大自己的理解，并提高自己的理解，并促进对自己的理解，以实现不适当的理解。为了防止对儿童的运输伤害，以及对可能影响无意儿童伤害率的环境变化的机会评估。在美国，与癌症和心血管疾病相比，伤害在潜在的生命损失中造成的损失更大。伤害往往会折磨社会上最年轻的成员，没有比儿科行人更容易受到严重伤害的风险。在一个估计中，每年有1,800名死亡的目标。我们的总体目标是评估一条大规模的联邦政府资助的大规模安全途径（SRTS）运输计划的有效性，以确保公立学校的建筑环境有明显的变化，我们将降低对环境的危险，我们将降低，我们将降低，我们将降低，我们将降低，我们将测试（1），我们将降低了（1），我们将降低，我们将降低，我们将在造成的环境中，我们将降低到构建的风险。小儿行人损伤的发生和严重性，（2）SRTS地区的小儿行人损伤的可能性明显低于非SRTS区域。我们建议通过对建筑环境变化的机会评估来预防和控制儿童行人伤害的机会，从而进行本质上是自然流行病学实验。该研究将基于使用时间序列方法，泊松回归和贝叶斯分层空间建模的行政执法和健康数据集的次要分析。 “设置。人口高和交通密集的城市环境。”参与者。 18岁以下的儿童。“干预措施。资本改进，包括新的交通和行人信号，增加独家人行横道时间，速度颠簸，速度板，高知名度人行横道和纽约1471年公立学校135的新停车规定。 The project will result in the evaluation of a large-scale injury control and prevention initiative, the wider dissemination of the best available evidence on cost-effective changes to the built environment in urban settings, and the development and translation of a set of epidemiological tools utilizing recent innovative advances in evidence synthesis and spatiotemporal disease mapping to prevent and control pediatric pedestrian injuries. 公共卫生相关性： 这项研究的总体目标是对大规模联邦资助的安全路线通往学校（SRTS）运输计划的有效性进行机会性流行病学评估，以改善围绕公立学校的建筑环境，以防止小儿行人伤害。