Immunologic Effects and a Structural "Countermarketing" Intervention: Racism, the

免疫效应和结构性“反营销”干预：种族主义

• 批准号: 7853512
• 负责人: Naa Oyo A Kwate
• 金额: $ 30.44万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7853512
• 关键词: Address; Advertising; Affect; African American; American; Attention; Behavioral Research; Biological; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chronic Disease; Conscious; Enrollment; Health; Health behavior; Hypothalamic structure; Immune; Immunologics; Individual; Inequality; Intervention; Investigation; Life; Malignant Neoplasms; Mental Health; Metabolic; Neighborhoods; New York City; Obesity; Outcome; Overweight; Pathway interactions; Play; Process; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Social Impacts; Stress; System; Testing; Urban Health; Well in self; abstracting; base; brain behavior; experience; health disparity; immune function; novel; physical conditioning; public health relevance; racism; stressor

DESCRIPTION (Provided by the applicant) Abstract: The overall aims of this project are to explore the effects of multiple levels of racism on the immune function, and overall health of urban African Americans, and to test a novel structural-level intervention to reduce the negative impact of racism. Significant disparities in major chronic illnesses continue to describe the current picture of health for African Americans, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, and overweight/obesity. Researchers have long understood stress to play a critical role in negative health outcomes, and particular attention has been paid to the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenocortical (HPA) axis as a key pathway. Because experiences with racism constitute a significant stressor in the lives of African Americans, understanding the ways in which racism activates the axis will have profound meaning in addressing the determinants of African American health disparities. More broadly, given the role of the HPA axis in many systems, the proposed research has the potential to uncover critical information on the impact of social processes on overall physical and mental health, and to delineate unstudied paths in brain-behavior relationships. In two sub-studies, the proposed research will enroll urban African Americans from New York City in longitudinal investigations. Study 1 is an investigation of how neighborhood-level institutional racism and perceived individual and collective racism affect immune and metabolic function and overall physical health, psychological well-being, and health behaviors. Study 2 is neighborhood-level intervention to minimize the likelihood of internalized racism, vis-¿vis a racism "countermarketing" campaign. Outdoor advertising will be employed to deliver stark facts about American inequality in predominantly African American neighborhoods, thereby raising consciousness and minimizing negative health outcomes. Taken together, the proposed research attempts to answer two critical unanswered questions in biomedical and behavioral research: 1) How does racism get into the body?; and 2) What do we do about it? Public Health Relevance: Although racism is well known to be a significant life stressor for African Americans, no research has studied the effects racism has on critical biological pathways, such as immune function. Additionally, although other negative effects of racism have been documented, no study has yet created a broad-based intervention to counter the stress of racism on African American lives. The proposed study will do both, which could have a major impact on the reduction of African American health disparities.

描述（申请人提供） 摘要：该项目的总体目的是探索种族主义多种水平的免疫功能和城市非洲裔美国人的整体健康的影响，并测试一种新型的结构性干预措施，以减少种族主义的负面影响。主要慢性疾病的重大分布继续描述了当前对非裔美国人的健康状况，包括心血管疾病，癌症和超重/肥胖。长期以来，研究人员一直在理解压力在负面健康结果中发挥关键作用，并且特别注意下丘脑 - 垂体性肾上腺皮质（HPA）轴作为关键途径。因为种族主义的经历构成了非裔美国人生活中的重大压力，所以了解种族主义激活轴心的方式将在解决非裔美国人健康差异的决定者时具有深刻的意义。更广泛地说，鉴于HPA轴在许多系统中的作用，拟议的研究有可能发现有关社会过程对整体身心健康的影响的关键信息，并描述脑行为关系中未经研究的途径。拟议的研究将在两个子研究中，将招募来自纽约市的非裔美国人进行纵向调查。研究1是对邻里级别的机构种族主义以及感知的个人和集体种族主义如何影响免疫和代谢功能以及整体身体健康，心理健康和健康行为的投资。研究2是邻里水平的干预措施，可最大程度地减少内部种族主义的可能性，涉及种族主义“反市场”运动。将聘请户外广告来提供有关非裔美国人社区中美国不平等现象的鲜明事实，从而提高意识并最大程度地减少负面的健康状况。综上所述，拟议的研究试图回答生物医学和行为研究中两个关键的未解决问题：1）种族主义如何进入体内？ 2）我们该怎么办？ 公共卫生相关性：尽管种族主义是非洲裔美国人的重要生活压力源，但没有研究研究种族主义对关键生物学途径的影响，例如免疫学功能。此外，尽管已经记录了种族主义的其他负面影响，但尚未创建基于广泛的干预措施来抵消种族主义对非裔美国人生活的压力。拟议的研究将同时进行，这可能会对降低非裔美国人健康差异产生重大影响。