Neural correlates of lexical processing in child L2 learners

儿童二语学习者词汇处理的神经相关性

• 批准号: 7805472
• 负责人: Arturo E Hernandez
• 金额: $ 18.44万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-15 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7805472
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Affect; Age; Anterior; Area; Auditory; Base of the Brain; Behavioral; Blood flow; Brain; Child; Childhood; Energy Metabolism; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Knowledge; Laboratories; Language; Language Development; Language Disorders; Lead; Learning; Light; Measures; Memory; Modeling; Names; Nature; Pattern; Play; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Research; Role; Scanning; Schools; Staging; System; Testing; Time; United States; base; bilingualism; cingulate gyrus; cognitive control; deoxyhemoglobin; design; early childhood; improved; language processing; lexical processing; public health relevance; relating to nervous system

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project is designed to uncover the neural correlates of processing two languages as bilinguals transition from novice to intermediate L2 speakers in early childhood. To achieve this, the proposed project will use functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), which measures neural activity indirectly via changes in deoxyhemoglobin which is correlated with blood flow and energy metabolism. Recent research has found that both age of second language acquisition (L2 AoA) and language proficiency play a role in bilingual language processing at the neural level. Research with early L2 child learners in the United States indicate that bilinguals transition from L1 to L2 dominance during the first five years of schooling and maintain a pattern of L2 dominance into adulthood. To elucidate the nature of the neural correlates of bilingualism in child L2 learners, the proposed project will test bilingual children at age 8, 10, and 12, which correspond to time points corresponding to early stages of L2 acquisition up to more advanced L2 knowledge. Children will be asked to repeat auditorily presented words while being scanned with fMRI. The results from the proposed studies will help to elucidate the neural substrates that differentiate first from second language acquisition during childhood. Finally, the proposed studies will compare predictions from two competing models which view L2 acquisition as involving differential use of procedural and declarative memory or involving changes in sensorimotor processing. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed project is designed to uncover the neural correlates of processing two languages as bilinguals transition from novice to intermediate L2 speakers in early childhood. The results from these studies should help to provide background which will help clinicians in the assessment and treatment of young L2 learners with language disorders.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的项目旨在发现处理两种语言的神经相关性，因为双语者在童年时期从新手到中级L2扬声器过渡。为此，该项目将使用功能磁共振成像（fMRI），该功能磁共振成像（fMRI）通过与血流和能量代谢相关的脱氧血红蛋白的变化间接测量神经活动。最近的研究发现，第二语言习得的年龄（L2 AOA）和语言能力在神经层面的双语语言处理中都起作用。在美国，与L2早期的儿童学习者进行的研究表明，在教育的头五年中，双语者从L1到L2统治地位过渡，并保持L2占主导地位到成年。为了阐明在儿童L2学习者中双语的神经相关性的性质，拟议的项目将在8、10和12岁时测试双语儿童，这与与L2获取的早期阶段相对应的时间点相对应。在用fMRI扫描时，将要求孩子们重复审视的单词。拟议的研究的结果将有助于阐明与童年期间第二语言习得的首先区分的神经底物。最后，拟议的研究将比较两个竞争模型的预测，这些模型将L2获取视为涉及程序和声明性记忆的差异使用或涉及感觉运动处理的变化。公共卫生相关性：拟议的项目旨在揭示处理两种语言的神经相关性，因为双语者在童年时期从新手到中级L2说话者过渡。这些研究的结果应有助于提供背景，这将帮助临床医生评估和治疗患有语言障碍的年轻L2学习者。