Structural Racism and Adverse Birth Outcomes in the US South: A Multigenerational Perspective

美国南部的结构性种族主义和不良出生结果：多代人的视角

• 批准号: 10753766
• 负责人: Nancy Fleischer
• 金额: $ 12.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-27 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10753766
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Area; Birth; Black race; Caucasians; Censuses; Child; Chronic; Criminal Justice; Data; Data Set; Data Sources; Dimensions; Discrimination; Disparity; Economics; Education; Employment; Exposure disparity; Exposure to; Face; Family; First Births; Generations; Goals; Home; Housing; Imprisonment; Individual; Institution; Intervention; Justice; Knowledge; Link; Literature; Low Birth Weight Infant; Maternal Exposure; Measures; Methods; Mothers; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Outcome; Ownership; Policies; Policy Maker; Politics; Pregnancy; Premature Birth; Prevalence; Process; Public Health; Race; Research; Resources; Risk Factors; Schools; Scientific Advances and Accomplishments; Services; Small for Gestational Age Infant; Source; South Carolina; Strategic Planning; Structural Racism; System; Testing; Time; United States; Woman; Work; adverse birth outcomes; black women; black/white disparity; data quality; deprivation; health disparity; improved; insight; maternal outcome; minority health; modifiable risk; racial disparity; residential segregation; social factors; statistics; two-dimensional

Project Summary Abstract Chronic material deprivation and the ‘wear and tear’ of everyday discrimination are key social factors thought to contribute to Black women’s poor birth outcomes. These processes are embedded within structural racism, which is the larger system of policies, practices, ideologies, and institutions that reinforces racial inequality by creating differential access to resources and opportunities. To date, however, most research on structural racism and poor birth outcomes considers maternal exposure to only one or two dimensions of structural racism, at a single point in time, thereby underestimating its contribution to Black women’s birth outcomes. The goal of this project is to examine the effects of multigenerational exposure to structural racism on birth outcomes among Black women in the US South. We will measure exposure to multiple dimensions of structural racism for South Carolina Black grandmothers and mothers in the same family, and determine their relationship to children’s adverse birth outcomes (low birth weight, preterm birth, small for gestational age). We will generate a unique, integrative dataset of births between 1989-2020 that are linked along the maternal line and merged with multiple administrative data sources measuring different dimensions of structural racism. The proposed project will: (1) quantify Black women’s exposure to four dimensions of structural racism; (2) examine the association between the four dimensions of structural racism and adverse birth outcomes both within and across generations of Black mothers; and (3) assess the contribution of structural racism to the Black/White disparity in adverse birth outcomes. The proposed study will move the field beyond individual-level interventions focused on modifiable risk factors, which have not been sufficient to improve Black women’s birth outcomes. Because Black women face structural barriers to accessing goods, services, and opportunities, the focus must shift upstream. By systematically examining multiple dimensions of structural racism across generations, we will gain important insight into the factors that disproportionately affect Black women’s birth outcomes over time. Knowledge gained from this study will guide policy-makers’ decisions regarding possible sectors (e.g., criminal justice, education) in which to intervene to improve birth outcomes for Black mothers.

项目摘要摘要 慢性物质剥夺和每天歧视的“磨损”是关键的社会因素。 为黑人妇女的出生结果不良。这些过程嵌入了结构性种族主义中， 这是较大的政策，实践，意识形态和机构的制度，可以通过 创建对资源和机会的差异访问。但是，迄今为止，大多数关于结构的研究 种族主义和不良的出生结果认为，孕妇只有一个或两个维度的结构性暴露 种族主义在一个时间点，因此低估了其对黑人妇女的出生结果的贡献。这 该项目的目标是检查多代对结构种族主义的影响 美国南部黑人妇女的结果。我们将衡量暴露于多个维度 南卡罗来纳州黑人祖母和同一家庭中的母亲的结构性种族主义，并确定他们的 与儿童不良的出生结果的关系（低出生体重，早产，胎龄小）。 将在1989 - 2020年之间产生独特的，集成的分娩数据集 并与多个行政数据源合并，以测量结构性种族主义的不同维度。这 拟议的项目将：（1）量化黑人妇女接触结构性种族主义的四个维度； （2）考试 结构性种族主义的四个维度与内部和不利的出生结果之间的关联 跨几代黑人母亲； （3）评估结构种族主义对黑人/白人的贡献 提前出生结果的差异。拟议的研究将使该领域超越个人级别 干预措施的重点是可修改的危险因素，这些因素不足以改善黑人妇女的生日 结果。因为黑人妇女面临着获得商品，服务和机会的结构性障碍，所以 焦点必须上游转移。通过系统地检查整个结构性种族主义的多个维度 几代人，我们将对影响黑人妇女生日的不成比例的因素进行重要了解 随着时间的推移成果。从这项研究中获得的知识将指导政策制定者关于可能的决定 干预以改善黑人母亲的出生结果的部门（例如刑事司法，教育）。