Structural Racism and Adverse Birth Outcomes in the US South: A Multigenerational Perspective (Diversity Supplement)

美国南部的结构性种族主义和不良出生结果：多代人的视角（多样性补充）

• 批准号: 10614696
• 负责人: Nancy Fleischer
• 金额: $ 12.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-27 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10614696
• 关键词: Address; Advocacy; Advocate; Affect; Air Pollution; Automobile Driving; Biometry; Birth; Black Populations; Black race; Censuses; Classification; Communities; Complement; Complex; Data; Development; Disparity; Eligibility Determination; Ensure; Environment; Environmental Epidemiology; Epidemiologist; Exposure to; Family; Foundations; Funding; Future; Goals; Health; Industrialization; Intervention; Investments; Link; Maternal Exposure; Maternal and Child Health; Measures; Methods; Michigan; Mothers; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Neighborhoods; Not Hispanic or Latino; Parents; Pathway interactions; Policies; Pollution; Public Health Schools; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Support; Resources; Role; Source; South Carolina; Statistical Models; Structural Racism; Training; Universities; Work; adverse birth outcomes; career development; environmental justice; ethnic disparity; health disparity; improved; interdisciplinary approach; parent grant; prenatal; racial difference; racial disparity; skills; social; social epidemiology; stem

ABSTRACT Candidate: The candidate is an epidemiologist with expertise in environmental influences on maternal and child health (MCH). She is applying for the NIMHD supplement to promote diversity in health-related research (diversity supplement) under parent grant, “Structural racism and adverse birth outcomes in the US South: A multigenerational perspective” (1R01MD016046-01). The candidate seeks specialized training in social epidemiology, environmental justice advocacy and statistical modeling methods to support her development into an independent researcher who examines relationships between social and environmental drivers of adverse birth outcomes. Her goals are to use an interdisciplinary approach to improve understanding of the complex factors and the resulting pathways that contribute to health disparities and ultimately, partner with communities to advocate for research-informed environmental justice solutions to address drivers of MCH health disparities. Research context: This work extends the scope of the parent grant by examining racial differences in associations between multi-generational air pollution exposure, which may in part result from discriminatory practices stemming from structural racism, and adverse birth outcomes. Structural racism is reported to be a key driver of the uneven distribution of air pollution and may play a role in observed racial and ethnic disparities in adverse birth outcomes. Policies such as redlining, an outdated policy used to classify neighborhoods and subsequently used as an investment eligibility measure by lenders, may be a driving factor in the hypothesized air pollution and adverse birth outcomes relationship. Although redlining ended in 1968, its impact has persisted and is evidenced by associations between redlined neighborhoods and the siting of pollution sources such as industrial facilities and roadways. Research objectives: This work will complement the parent grant by adding another measure of structural racism and allow for a broader understanding of its contributions to disparities in adverse birth outcomes. Research plan: Data from the parent study (South Carolina multigenerational linked birth data from 1989-2020) will be used to generate census tract level prenatal air pollution data for grandmothers and mothers to examine associations between multi-generational air pollution exposure and adverse birth outcomes among Non-Hispanic White and Non-Hispanic Black families. Career development goals: Through didactic and experiential activities, this work will enable the candidate to acquire specialized skills in social epidemiology, environmental justice and statistical modeling methods to support her development. Environment: The candidate will conduct the proposed activities in a setting supported by eminent leaders in social epidemiology, environmental epidemiology, and biostatistics. Exceptional resources at the University of Michigan and the School of Public Health ensure that the candidate can successfully implement the proposed work and lay the foundation to acquire future R01 funding to conduct independent research on environmental and social drivers of disparities in adverse birth outcomes.

抽象的 候选人：候选人是一名流行病学家，对环境影响的专家对母校和 儿童健康（MCH）。她正在申请NIMHD补充剂，以促进与健康相关研究的多样性 （多样性补充）在父母授予的领导下，“美国南部的结构性种族主义和不利的出生结果： 多代透视”（1R01MD016046-01）。候选人寻求社交领域的专业培训 流行病学，环境正义倡导和统计建模方法支持她的发展 成为一个独立研究人员，他研究了社会和环境驱动力之间的关系 不利的出生结果。她的目标是使用跨学科的方法来提高对 复杂因素和导致健康分配的途径，并最终与 倡导研究知识的环境正义解决方案的社区以解决MCH的驱动因素 健康差异。研究环境：这项工作通过检查种族扩大了父母赠款的范围 多代空气污染暴露之间的关联差异，这可能部分是由 结构性种族主义和不利的出生结果引起的歧视性实践。结构性种族主义是 据报道是空气污染分布不均的主要驱动力，并可能在观察到的赛车和 族裔差异提前出生结果。诸如红线之类的策略，一种过时的政策，用于分类 社区，随后用作贷方的投资评估措施，可能是一个驱动因素 在假设的空气污染和不良的出生结果关系中。尽管红线在1968年结束，但 影响力一直存在，并通过红线社区与安置之间的关联来证明 污染源，例如工业设施和道路。研究对象：这项工作将完成 父母通过增加结构性种族主义的另一种衡量标准并允许更广泛的理解 提前对差异的贡献。研究计划：来自父母研究的数据（南方 Carolina多代链接的分娩数据从1989 - 2020年）用于生成普查水平 祖母和母亲的产前空气污染数据检查多代之间的关联 非西班牙裔白色和非西班牙裔黑人之间的空气污染暴露和不利的出生结果 家庭。职业发展目标：通过教学和经验丰富的活动，这项工作将使 候选人获得社会流行病学，环境正义和统计建模方面的专业技能 支持她发展的方法。环境：候选人将在 由社会流行病学，环境流行病学和生物统计学领域知名领导者支持的设置。 密歇根大学和公共卫生学院的卓越资源确保候选人 可以成功实施拟议的工作，并为获得未来R01资金的基础奠定基础 对差异的环境和社会驱动因素的独立研究提前出生结果。