Fetal Neurobehavioral Development & Postnatal Continuity

胎儿神经行为发育

• 批准号: 7786991
• 负责人: Janet A. Di Pietro
• 金额: $ 40.92万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-08-01 至 2013-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7786991
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Arousal; Award; Beginning of Human Life; Behavior; Behavioral; Birth; Child; Childhood; Data; Development; Documentation; Elderly; Emotions; Environment; Evaluation; Fetal Neurobehavioral Development; Fetus; Foundations; Galvanic Skin Response; Generations; Goals; Growth; Health; Heart Rate; Human; Hydrocortisone; Individual; Individual Differences; Individuation; Infant; Investigation; Life; Maternal Physiology; Measurement; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Methods; Mothers; Motor Activity; Neuraxis; Neurosecretory Systems; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Physiological; Plant Roots; Play; Portraits; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Process; Publications; Research; Research Institute; Research Personnel; Respiration; Risk; Role; Salivary; Technology; Work; auditory stimulus; biobehavior; design; experience; fetal; fetal reactivity; frontier; innovation; insight; interest; neurobehavioral; postnatal; prenatal; prenatal experience; programs; psychologic; public health relevance; response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The period before birth is the final frontier of investigation in human health and development. Interest in fetal origins of childhood and adult well-being has increased exponentially in recent years. We have been documenting normative development of the fetus for the past 16 years under the auspices of this award. Our goals have, and continue to be, threefold. These include: characterizing normal patterns of development of fetal neurobehavioral and physiological functioning during gestation in healthy, low risk pregnancies (Ontogeny); determining how maternal mediators, both psychological and physiological, affect the course of antenatal development (Maternal Influences), and evaluating within and cross-domain continuity in function from prenatal to postnatal development within individuals as a means of understanding the origins of individual differences (Prediction). This project period will focus on further defining the effects of evoked fetal reactivity on maternal function, and evoked maternal reactivity on fetal functioning. This endeavor was generated by findings in the current project period that revealed temporal, bidirectional linkages within the maternal-fetal pair. Two prenatal studies are proposed. The first (n = 52) examines the capacity of an evoked fetal response generated by auditory stimulus presentation to elicit a maternal physiological response at three gestational periods (24, 30, and 36 weeks). The second (n = 108) evaluates fetal responsivity to maternal arousal evoked within a pregnancy specific context at four gestational periods (18, 24, 30, and 36 weeks). Both studies include indicators of maternal autonomic (heart rate, vagal tone, skin conductance, respiration) and neurohormonal (salivary cortisol) activation; fetal measures focus on heart rate and its patterning, motor activity, and the relation between the two. Pairs will be followed at 5 months postnatal age to determine how features of prenatal maternal-fetal synchrony and responsiveness to one another contribute to the unfolding maternal-infant relationship, as measured by the degree of behavioral and physiological synchrony during an undisturbed, baseline interactive period and a still-face condition designed to disrupt the temporal regulatory process between the pair. This project will further our understanding of the maternal factors that impinge, positively or negatively, on the developing fetus and the origins of the earliest relationship. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: There is tremendous recent interest in characterizing how development proceeds before birth and its implications for later life. In this study we will investigate how maternal physiology and emotions affect the development of the fetus and how the developing fetus may affect the pregnant woman. We will apply this information to understanding how mothers interact with their infants during their first year of life.

描述（由申请人提供）：出生前的时期是人类健康和发展研究的最后前沿。近年来，人们对童年和成人福祉的胎儿起源的兴趣呈指数级增长。过去 16 年来，在该奖项的支持下，我们一直在记录胎儿的规范发育。我们的目标已经并将继续是三重的。这些包括： 描述健康、低风险妊娠期间胎儿神经行为和生理功能发育的正常模式（个体发育）；确定母体中介因素（心理和生理）如何影响产前发育过程（母体影响），并评估个体从产前到产后发育的内部和跨域功能连续性，作为理解个体差异起源的一种手段（预测）。该项目期间将重点进一步确定诱发的胎儿反应性对母体功能的影响，以及诱发的母体反应性对胎儿功能的影响。这项努力是基于当前项目期间的发现，揭示了母胎对之间的时间、双向联系。提出了两项​​产前研究。第一个 (n = 52) 检查听觉刺激产生的诱发胎儿反应在三个妊娠期（24、30 和 36 周）引起母体生理反应的能力。第二个 (n = 108) 评估胎儿对四个妊娠期（18、24、30 和 36 周）的妊娠特定背景下引起的母体唤醒的反应。这两项研究都包括母亲自主神经（心率、迷走神经张力、皮肤电导、呼吸）和神经激素（唾液皮质醇）激活的指标；胎儿测量的重点是心率及其模式、运动活动以及两者之间的关系。将在产后 5 个月时对配对进行跟踪，以确定产前母婴同步性和相互反应性的特征如何促进母婴关系的发展，通过在不受干扰的基线互动期间行为和生理同步的程度来衡量以及旨在破坏两人之间的时间调节过程的静止面部状态。该项目将进一步了解对胎儿发育产生积极或消极影响的母体因素以及最早关系的起源。公共卫生相关性：最近人们对描述出生前发育如何进行及其对以后生活的影响产生了极大的兴趣。在这项研究中，我们将调查母亲的生理和情绪如何影响胎儿的发育，以及发育中的胎儿如何影响孕妇。我们将应用这些信息来了解母亲在婴儿出生的第一年如何与婴儿互动。