FETAL NEUROBEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT & POSTNATAL CONTINUITY

胎儿神经行为发育

• 批准号: 2673629
• 负责人: Janet A. Di Pietro
• 金额: $ 20.87万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-08-01 至 2001-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2673629
• 关键词: behavior prediction; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral habituation /sensitization; child psychology; clinical research; computer program /software; developmental neurobiology; embryo /fetus; gestational age; human subject; infant human (0-1 year); longitudinal human study; neuropsychology; newborn human (0-6 weeks); prenatal stress; psychophysiology; ultrasonography

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): Knowledge about the ontogeny of human development prior to birth, and the contribution of the prenatal period to postnatal life has been hampered by the lack of access to the fetus. The goals of this project are to document normal fetal development during the latter half of gestation; to investigate predictive relations from the fetus to the infant; and to elucidate the role of maternal psychophysiology on fetal and infant development. Seven hypotheses are proposed: (i) FHR reactivity increases over the second half of gestation, (ii) Fetuses can habituate to external stimulation and the rate will increase over gestation; (iii) Increased maternal stress is associated with decreased FHR variability, increased activity and greater reactivity; (iv) Fetal behavior will be affected by maternal physiological and psychological state (induced maternal stress will associate with increased FHR and disorganized patterns of fetal movement and state); (v) Fetuses of multiparous women will have accelerated fetal development; (vi) There will be neurobehavioral continuity between fetuses and infants; and (vii) Maternal stress effects will influence infant behavior. The conceptual orientation is that fetal neurobehavior reflects the maturational status of the nervous system, and that individual differences in neural regulatory capacity are manifested within the normal range at each gestational age. The project employs a longitudinal design at six gestational ages. A total of 120 subjects, stratified for parity, will be tested. At each visit fetal (HR, motor activity, behavior) and maternal (heart period, respiratory rate, etc) measures will be recorded simultaneously during 50 undisturbed minutes. Data will be digitized and processed with customized software. Maternal affective characteristics will be determined at the onset of the study and appraisal of daily stressors will be measured at each visit. Two other studies are embedded in the design. Fetal habituation will be tested at 20, 28 and 36 weeks by measuring FHR and ultrasonographic indices of fetal movement in response to a rattle. Manipulation of maternal state will be done at 24 and 32 weeks by engaging the women in a video game and testing with a phrase association task. Infants will be tested at 4 and 9 months on a variety of measures.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：关于 出生前人类发展的个体发育，以及 产前到产后的生活因缺乏获得资源的途径而受到阻碍 胎儿。 该项目的目标是记录正常胎儿 妊娠后半期的发育；调查预测性 胎儿与婴儿的关系；并阐明其作用 母亲心理生理学对胎儿和婴儿发育的影响。 七个假设 建议： (i) 下半年胎心率反应性增加 妊娠期，(ii) 胎儿可以习惯外部刺激和速率 妊娠期后会增加； (iii) 与产妇压力增加有关 胎心率变异性降低，活性增加，反应性增强； (iv) 胎儿的行为会受到母体生理和心理的影响 心理状态（诱发的产妇压力会增加 胎心率和胎儿运动和状态的紊乱模式）； (v) 胎儿 经产妇的胎儿发育会加快； （六）将会有 胎儿和婴儿之间神经行为的连续性； (七) 母亲的压力效应会影响婴儿的行为。 概念性的 定向是指胎儿的神经行为反映了胎儿的成熟状态 神经系统以及神经调节的个体差异 每个胎龄的能力都在正常范围内。 该项目采用六个胎龄的纵向设计。 总计 将对 120 名受试者进行测试，按均等程度分层。 每次就诊时胎儿 （心率、运动活动、行为）和产妇（心率、呼吸频率、 等）措施将在 50 分钟不受干扰的时间内同时记录。 数据将被数字化并使用定制软件进行处理。 产妇 情感特征将在研究开始时确定，并且 每次访问时都会测量日常压力源的评估。 另外两个 研究嵌入到设计中。 20岁时会测试胎儿的习惯， 28周和36周通过测量胎儿FHR和超声指标 响应嘎嘎声的运动。 对母体状态的操纵将是 在 24 周和 32 周时，让女性参与视频游戏并进行测试 与短语关联任务。 婴儿将在 4 个月和 9 个月时接受测试 采取多种措施。