Midgut Bacteria in Aedes aegypti and Vector Competence

埃及伊蚊的中肠细菌和媒介能力

• 批准号: 7627063
• 负责人: DAVID W SEVERSON
• 金额: $ 3.79万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7627063
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Aedes; Affect; Antibiotics; Appointment; Area; Arthropod Vectors; Arthropods; Award; Bacteria; Base Sequence; Biology; Biotechnology; Body Size; Cell Culture Techniques; Cessation of life; Collaborations; Communities; Competence; Complementary DNA; Containment; Culicidae; Data; Dengue; Dengue Virus; Development; Exposure to; Facility Designs; Female; Fertility; Funding; Future; Gene Expression; Gene Transfer Techniques; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Markers; Genomics; Genotype; Goals; Grant; Growth; Haiti; Human; Human Characteristics; Human Resources; Incidence; India; Individual; Infection; Insecta; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Life Cycle Stages; Longevity; Microarray Analysis; Microbe; Microbiology; Midgut; Molecular; Molecular Biology; Molecular Genetics; Mosquito Control; Natural Selections; Organism; Pattern; Phenotype; Play; Population; Population Dynamics; Population Genetics; Population Replacements; Predisposition; Prevention; Process; Reaction; Refractory; Relative (related person); Research; Research Project Grants; Ribosomal RNA; Role; Serotyping; Structure; Techniques; Technology; Time; Tissue-Specific Gene Expression; Training; Trinidad; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vaccines; Viral; Virus; Virus Diseases; Work; base; design; disease transmission; disorder control; disorder prevention; experience; fitness; genome sequencing; interest; laboratory facility; life history; microbial; microbial community; novel; oral infection; parent grant; pathogen; prevent; public health relevance; rRNA Genes; research study; response; trait; transmission process; vector; vector mosquito

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dengue is the most important arthropod-borne viral disease in the world. No effective vaccines are available and mosquito control remains the only prevention option. Transmission of dengue virus to a human host is totally dependent upon availability of a competent mosquito vector, usually Aedes aegypti. It is well known that microbes in the insect gut play a very important role in the biology of insects, and can influence growth of some insect pathogens. Considerable effort is being directed toward applying transgenesis technology to arthropod-borne disease control, with an emphasis on population replacement. A major focus is to use these techniques to generate mosquitoes that carry genes that disrupt their ability to transmit pathogens. Another possibility is paratransgenesis, wherein bacteria capable of colonizing the mosquito midgut would be used to carry and express anti-pathogen effector genes and thereby prevent disease transmission to humans by the mosquito. The present knowledge on normal midgut bacterial flora in Ae. aegypti and the potential effects on fitness is limited. The long-term objectives of this project are to develop an understanding of the interrelationships between Ae. aegypti populations and their natural midgut bacterial flora. This research will be done primarily in India at Pune University in collaboration with Dr. Yogesh Shouche, as an extention of NIH Grant No. RO1-AI059342. The specific aim of this project is to: Investigate the role of midgut bacteria on fitness in Ae. aegypti. This includes efforts to: 1) compare midgut bacterial flora of adult Ae. aegypti in laboratory strains and field isolates, 2) examine the impact of midgut bacteria on Ae. aegypti life history traits, and 3) determine the effect of midgut bacteria on dengue virus susceptibility in Ae. aegypti. Bacterial identity will be determined by amplification and sequencing of the 12S and 16S rRNA genes from both culturable bacteria and total midgut contents, which will include unculturable species. The impact of midgut bacteria on fitness will be examined among antibiotic treated adults for several life history traits including development time, adult body size, bloodmeal size, fecundity, fertility, and adult longevity. Dengue virus susceptibility of females from dengue refractory and susceptible Ae. aegypti colonies will be compared among normal and antibiotic treated individuals. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Dengue is a threat to >2.5 billion people, with estimates of 50 million cases of dengue fever and ~24,000 deaths due to the more severe hemorrhagic form each year. No vaccines are available and disease prevention is dependent on controlling the mosquito vector, primarily Aedes aegypti. The proposed research will provide valuable new information regarding the influence of midgut bacteria on the biology of the mosquito, including the ability to support and transmit the dengue virus to humans.

描述（由申请人提供）：登革热是世界上最重要的节肢动物传播病毒疾病。没有有效的疫苗，蚊子控制仍然是唯一的预防选择。登革热病毒向人类宿主的传播完全取决于合格的蚊子载体的可用性，通常取决于埃及埃及。众所周知，昆虫肠道中的微生物在昆虫的生物学中起着非常重要的作用，并且会影响某些昆虫病原体的生长。正在努力将转基因技术应用于节肢动物传播疾病控制，重点是替代人口。主要重点是使用这些技术生成蚊子，这些蚊子带有破坏其传播病原体能力的基因。另一种可能性是寄生动物，其中能够定植蚊子中肠的细菌可用于携带和表达抗病原体效应子基因，从而防止蚊子通过蚊子向人类传播。目前关于AE正常中肠细菌菌群的知识。埃及和对健身的潜在影响受到限制。该项目的长期目标是发展对AE之间的相互关系的理解。埃及人群及其天然中肠细菌菌群。这项研究将主要在印度在浦那大学与Yogesh Shouche博士合作，作为NIH赠款号RO1-AI-AI059342的扩展。该项目的具体目的是：研究中肠细菌在适应性AE中的作用。埃及。这包括：1）比较成人AE的中肠细菌菌群。埃及在实验室菌株和田间分离株中，2）检查中肠细菌对AE的影响。埃及生活历史特征和3）确定中肠细菌对登革热病毒易感性AE的影响。埃及。细菌身份将通过对可培养细菌和总中肠含量的12S和16S rRNA基因进行扩增和测序来确定，其中包括无法培养的物种。在抗生素治疗的成年人中，将检查中肠细菌对健身的影响，以了解多种生活史特征，包括发育时间，成人体型，血液量，繁殖力，生育能力和成人寿命。登革热的登革热病毒易感性和易感性AE的敏感性。在正常和抗生素治疗的个体中，将比较埃及菌落。公共卫生相关性：登革热是对> 25亿人的威胁，估计由于每年更严重的出血形式，登革热发烧的案例估计为5000万例，死亡约为24,000例。没有可用的疫苗，预防疾病取决于控制蚊子载体，主要是伊蚊。拟议的研究将提供有关中肠细菌对蚊子生物学影响的有价值的新信息，包括支持和将登革热病毒传播给人类的能力。