Midgut Bacteria in Aedes aegypti and Vector Competence

埃及伊蚊的中肠细菌和媒介能力

基本信息

批准号：
7821310
负责人：
DAVID W SEVERSON
金额：
$ 3.79万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-05-01 至 2012-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7821310
关键词：
Address Adult Aedes Affect Antibiotics Appointment Area Arthropod Vectors Arthropods Award Bacteria Base Sequence Biology Biotechnology Body Size Cell Culture Techniques Cessation of life Collaborations Communities Competence Complementary DNA Containment Culicidae Data Dengue Dengue Virus Development Exposure to Facility Designs Female Fertility Funding Future Gene Expression Gene Transfer Techniques Genes Genetic Genetic Markers Genomics Genotype Goals Grant Growth Haiti Human Human Characteristics Human Resources Incidence India Individual Infection Insecta Investigation Knowledge Laboratories Life Cycle Stages Longevity Microarray Analysis Microbe Microbiology Midgut Molecular Molecular Biology Molecular Genetics Mosquito Control Natural Selections Organism Pattern Phenotype Play Population Population Dynamics Population Genetics Population Replacements Predisposition Prevention Process Reaction Refractory Relative (related person)Research Research Project Grants Ribosomal RNA Role Serotyping Structure Techniques Technology Time Tissue-Specific Gene Expression Training Trinidad United States National Institutes of Health Universities Vaccines Viral Virus Virus Diseases Work base design disease transmission disorder control disorder prevention experience fitness genome sequencing interest laboratory facility life history microbial microbial community novel oral infection parent grant pathogen prevent public health relevance rRNA Genes research study response trait transmission process vector vector mosquito

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Dengue is the most important arthropod-borne viral disease in the world. No effective vaccines are available and mosquito control remains the only prevention option. Transmission of dengue virus to a human host is totally dependent upon availability of a competent mosquito vector, usually Aedes aegypti. It is well known that microbes in the insect gut play a very important role in the biology of insects, and can influence growth of some insect pathogens. Considerable effort is being directed toward applying transgenesis technology to arthropod-borne disease control, with an emphasis on population replacement. A major focus is to use these techniques to generate mosquitoes that carry genes that disrupt their ability to transmit pathogens. Another possibility is paratransgenesis, wherein bacteria capable of colonizing the mosquito midgut would be used to carry and express anti-pathogen effector genes and thereby prevent disease transmission to humans by the mosquito. The present knowledge on normal midgut bacterial flora in Ae. aegypti and the potential effects on fitness is limited. The long-term objectives of this project are to develop an understanding of the interrelationships between Ae. aegypti populations and their natural midgut bacterial flora. This research will be done primarily in India at Pune University in collaboration with Dr. Yogesh Shouche, as an extention of NIH Grant No. RO1-AI059342. The specific aim of this project is to: Investigate the role of midgut bacteria on fitness in Ae. aegypti. This includes efforts to: 1) compare midgut bacterial flora of adult Ae. aegypti in laboratory strains and field isolates, 2) examine the impact of midgut bacteria on Ae. aegypti life history traits, and 3) determine the effect of midgut bacteria on dengue virus susceptibility in Ae. aegypti. Bacterial identity will be determined by amplification and sequencing of the 12S and 16S rRNA genes from both culturable bacteria and total midgut contents, which will include unculturable species. The impact of midgut bacteria on fitness will be examined among antibiotic treated adults for several life history traits including development time, adult body size, bloodmeal size, fecundity, fertility, and adult longevity. Dengue virus susceptibility of females from dengue refractory and susceptible Ae. aegypti colonies will be compared among normal and antibiotic treated individuals. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Dengue is a threat to >2.5 billion people, with estimates of 50 million cases of dengue fever and ~24,000 deaths due to the more severe hemorrhagic form each year. No vaccines are available and disease prevention is dependent on controlling the mosquito vector, primarily Aedes aegypti. The proposed research will provide valuable new information regarding the influence of midgut bacteria on the biology of the mosquito, including the ability to support and transmit the dengue virus to humans.

描述（由申请人提供）：登革热是世界上最重要的节肢动物传播的病毒性疾病。目前尚无有效的疫苗，控制蚊子仍然是唯一的预防选择。登革热病毒向人类宿主的传播完全取决于是否有有效的蚊子媒介，通常是埃及伊蚊。众所周知，昆虫肠道中的微生物在昆虫生物学中发挥着非常重要的作用，并且可以影响一些昆虫病原体的生长。人们正在大力努力将转基因技术应用于节肢动物传播的疾病控制，重点是种群替代。一个主要焦点是利用这些技术来培育携带破坏其传播病原体能力的基因的蚊子。另一种可能性是副转基因，其中能够定植蚊子中肠的细菌将被用来携带和表达抗病原体效应基因，从而防止蚊子将疾病传播给人类。目前对伊蚊正常中肠细菌菌群的了解。埃及伊蚊对健康的潜在影响是有限的。该项目的长期目标是加深对 Ae 之间相互关系的理解。埃及伊蚊种群及其天然中肠细菌菌群。这项研究将主要在印度浦那大学与 Yogesh Shouche 博士合作进行，作为 NIH 拨款号 RO1-AI059342 的延伸。该项目的具体目标是：研究中肠细菌对伊蚊健康的作用。埃及伊蚊。这包括以下工作：1）比较成年伊蚊的中肠细菌菌群。实验室菌株和野外分离株中的埃及伊蚊，2) 检查中肠细菌对伊蚊的影响。埃及伊蚊的生活史特征，3) 确定中肠细菌对伊蚊登革热病毒易感性的影响。埃及伊蚊。细菌身份将通过对可培养细菌和总中肠内容物（其中包括不可培养物种）的 12S 和 16S rRNA 基因进行扩增和测序来确定。将在接受抗生素治疗的成年人中检查中肠细菌对健康的影响，包括发育时间、成年体型、血粉大小、繁殖力、生育力和成年寿命。女性登革热难治性和易感性埃伊蚊对登革热病毒的易感性。埃及伊蚊菌落将在正常个体和抗生素治疗个体之间进行比较。公共卫生相关性：登革热对超过 25 亿人构成威胁，估计每年有 5,000 万登革热病例，约 24,000 人因更严重的出血性疾病死亡。目前尚无疫苗可用，疾病预防取决于控制蚊媒，主要是埃及伊蚊。拟议的研究将提供有关中肠细菌对蚊子生物学影响的有价值的新信息，包括支持登革热病毒并将其传播给人类的能力。