PRENATAL EXPOSURE TO LICIT & ILLICIT DRUGS

产前接触合法物质

• 批准号: 3434371
• 负责人: DONALD E HUTCHINGS
• 金额: $ 3.27万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-08-01 至 1989-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3434371
• 关键词: AIDS; congenital infection; drug abuse; embryo /fetus drug adverse effect; fetal alcohol syndrome; meeting /conference /symposium; mother /infant health care; neuropsychology; prenatal growth disorder; tobacco abuse; travel

The traditional concern with drugs administered during pregnancy has been teratogenicity or the production of gross structural malformation. Within the last decade or so, it has become increasingly evident that the issue of drug-safety and risk assessment goes far beyond structural defects and has come to encompass a whole range of adverse outcomes that include neurobehavioral as well as other functional effects. Major licit and illicit drugs - cigarettes, marijuana, alcohol, the opioids, cocaine and phencyclidine - exemplifty this range of developmentally toxic outcomes. For example, women who smoke cirgarettes during pregnancy are at increased risk for complications of pregnancy and their offspring are likely to show growth retardation. Alcohol consumed regularly in heavy amounts during pregnancy, produces an array of structural and neurobehavioral effects known as the fetal alcohol syndrome. This includes craniofacial anomlies, developmental delays, and mild to severe mental retardation. Neither heroin nor methadone during pregnancy are associated with an increase in birth defects but both produce a neonatal abstinence syndrome that can perists for as long as six months. Follow-up to pre-school years suggests risk of attention deficit disorder. And while use of cocaine is growing at an alarming rate, little is known of its developmental toxicity. Preliminary findings, however, indicate both reproductive hazard and neurobehavioral effects in the neonate. Finally, there will be presentations on a number of drug abuse issues that include treatment, AIDS and infant outcome, legal and ethical considerations as well as government policy regarding child and maternal health.

怀孕期间服用药物的传统关注 已经是致病性或总体结构的产生 畸形。 在过去十年左右的时间里，它已经变成 越来越明显的是，毒品安全和风险问题 评估远远超出了结构缺陷，已经 包括包括 神经行为以及其他功能效应。 主要的持牌 和非法药物 - 香烟，大麻，酒精，阿片类药物， 可卡因和苯克林 - 典范此范围 发育有毒的结果。 例如，吸烟的女人 怀孕期间的核心处有增加的风险 怀孕的并发症及其后代可能表明 增长迟钝。 饮酒定期大量消费 在怀孕期间，会产生一系列结构和 神经行为作用称为胎儿酒精综合征。 这包括颅面异构，发育延迟和 轻度至重度智力低下。 海洛因也不是美沙酮 怀孕期间与出生缺陷的增加有关 但是两者都会产生一种新生儿的禁欲综合症 长达六个月。 学前年的后续措施建议 注意力缺陷障碍的风险。 而使用可卡因是 以惊人的速度生长，对其发展知之甚少 毒性。 但是，初步发现表明 新生儿的生殖危害和神经行为效应。 最后，将有许多滥用毒品的演讲 包括治疗，艾滋病和婴儿结果，法律和法律的问题 道德考虑以及政府政策 儿童和孕产妇健康。