Neural Mechanisms Promoting Biased Social Memories in Intergenerational Childhood Abuse

代际童年虐待中促进偏见社会记忆的神经机制

• 批准号: 10749383
• 负责人: Camille Rose Johnston
• 金额: $ 3.34万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-11-01 至 2025-10-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10749383
• 关键词: Active Learning; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Anterior; Applications Grants; Brain; Child; Child Abuse; Child Abuse and Neglect; Child Health; Child Rearing; Cognitive; Conflict (Psychology); Dangerousness; Data; Dedications; Development; Drug usage; Educational workshop; Episodic memory; Exposure to; Family; Fatal Outcome; Feedback; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Funding; Future; Goals; Grant; Health; Hippocampus; Individual; Intervention; Knowledge; Link; Maps; Mediation; Memory; Mental disorders; Mentorship; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Neurocognitive; Neurosciences; Outcome; Parents; Participant; Play; Positioning Attribute; Process; Psyche structure; Psychology; Public Health; Research; Research Design; Risk; Role; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Social Processes; Strategic Planning; Suicide attempt; Techniques; Testing; Training; Universities; Work; adolescent health; brain based; career; experience; high risk sexual behavior; improved; intergenerational; maltreatment; memory encoding; neural; neural patterning; neuromechanism; novel; response; social; social bias; social cognition; stem; transmission process

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Childhood maltreatment impacts over a third of children worldwide and contributes to a quarter of all psychiatric disorders. Because parents with, compared to without exposure to childhood maltreatment are 2-3 times more likely to abuse their own children, many families are trapped in intergenerational cycles of abuse. Although intergenerational abuse is well-established, the cognitive mechanisms that contribute to its persistence are poorly mapped. We propose that childhood abuse may bias individuals towards prioritizing the encoding and recall of negative, rather than positive, social feedback. Despite robust evidence that childhood abuse is associated with negative cognitive biases as well as alterations in episodic memory and corresponding hippocampal dysfunction, the role that memory bias plays in intergenerational abuse remains untested. Because memory is reconstructive, it is fundamentally malleable, thus neurocognitive mechanisms of memory bias may serve as an ideal intervention target. One factor contributing to a dearth of research testing effects of memory bias on abuse transmission is a lack of ecologically-valid paradigms that link brain response to encoding social feedback with its subsequent recall. We addressed this challenge with the Recall After Feedback Task (RAFT). Preliminary work with the RAFT demonstrates that more severe childhood abuse is associated with greater recall for negative social feedback and enhanced anterior hippocampal engagement when encoding negative vs. positive social feedback. I propose to extend this work in parents with a range of childhood abuse experiences and test the extent to which neurocognitive mechanisms implicated in social memory bias relate to current harsh parenting style. This inquiry is essential given that abuse is an inherently social process, yet most studies of intergenerational transmission fail to probe neurocognitive mechanisms that support social processing. I aim to characterize associations between childhood abuse and 1) memory bias for social feedback; 2) the relationship between hippocampal activation when encoding social feedback and memory bias; and 3) the degree to which memory bias and brain activation promote harsh parenting. The proposed study will advance the field and provide novel intervention targets by characterizing the contribution of social memory bias and its neural basis to the link between childhood abuse and harsh parenting. The proposed training plan, which consists of workshops, experiential learning, and mentorship, will develop my expertise in ecologically-valid fMRI study design and analysis, neural mechanisms of memory, and neuropsychosocial outcomes following maltreatment. As a result, I will gain expertise and preliminary data needed for future grants that inform interventions to curtail intergenerational abuse and establish the foundation for becoming an independent developmental social neuroscientist. Temple University’s Department of Psychology and Neuroscience has a successful track record of conducting impactful NICHD-funded work and is the ideal setting for the proposed research and training.

项目摘要/摘要 儿童虐待影响了全球三分之一的儿童，并助长了所有精神病的四分之一 疾病。因为父母与没有儿童虐待的情况相比是2-3倍 许多家庭可能虐待自己的孩子，被困在虐待的代际周期中。虽然 代际虐待是公认的，导致其持久性的认知机制是 映射不好。我们建议童年时期的虐待可能会偏向个人优先考虑编码和 回忆负面的，而不是积极的社会反馈。尽管有强有力的证据表明儿童虐待是 与负面认知偏见以及情节记忆和相应的变化有关 海马功能障碍，记忆偏见在代际滥用中的作用仍未受过测试。因为 记忆是重建性的，从根本上是可延展的，因此记忆偏见的神经认知机制可能 作为理想的干预目标。导致记忆研究效果的死亡的一个因素 对滥用传播的偏见是缺乏将大脑反应与编码社会的生态播种范式 反馈随后的召回。我们通过反馈任务（RAFT）的召回来解决这一挑战。 与筏的初步工作表明，更严重的儿童虐待与更大的召回有关 对于负面的社会反馈，并在编码负面VS时增强了前海马参与度。 积极的社会反馈。我建议将这项工作扩展到具有一系列童年虐待经历的父母 并测试社会记忆偏见中的神经认知机制在多大程度上与当前的苛刻有关 育儿样式。鉴于虐待是一个固有的社会过程，但大多数研究 代际传播无法探测支持社会处理的神经认知机制。我的目标 表征儿童虐待与1）社会反馈的记忆偏见； 2）关系 在编码社交反馈和记忆偏见时，海马激活之间； 3） 记忆偏见和大脑的激活促进了伤害育儿。拟议的研究将推进该领域，并 通过表征社会记忆偏见的贡献及其神经基础来提供新颖的干预目标 与儿童虐待与伤害育儿之间的联系。拟议的培训计划包括 研讨会，专家学习和精神训练将发展我在生态磁变fMRI研究方面的专业知识 虐待后的设计和分析，记忆神经元和神经心理社会结局。 结果，我将获得未来赠款所需的专业知识和初步数据，以限制干预措施 代际虐待并为成为独立发展社会的基础奠定了基础 神经科学家。坦普尔大学的心理学和神经科学系有成功的记录 进行有影响力的NICHD资助的工作，是拟议研究和培训的理想场所。