The Role of the Motor System in Speech and Language in Autism

运动系统在自闭症言语和语言中的作用

• 批准号: 10748131
• 负责人: Amanda O'Brien
• 金额: $ 3.56万
• 依托单位: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10748131
• 关键词: Academia; Address; Adult; Age; American Psychiatric Association; Articulation; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain region; Child; Clinical; Communication; Development; Diagnosis; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Heterogeneity; Individual; Knowledge; Language; Literature; Measures; Mentors; Motor; Motor Skills; Movement; Oral; Participant; Persons; Phenotype; Play; Population; Prevalence; Process; Production; Research; Role; Scanning; Speech; Symptoms; System; Testing; Training; Validation; Variant; Vocabulary; Work; Writing; adult with autism spectrum disorder; autism spectrum disorder; autistic; autistic children; base; behavioral phenotyping; behavioral study; brain based; career; design; improved; individuals with autism spectrum disorder; insight; interest; neuroimaging; novel; recruit; repetitive behavior; skills; social communication; social skills; syntax

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Autism is a neurodevelopmental condition impacting 1 in 44 children that is diagnosed based on social communication challenges and restrictive/repetitive behaviors, including repetitive motor movements. While social communication differences in autistic individuals have been widely researched, motor skills, particularly those related to speech production, remain understudied. This gap in the literature is surprising given the growing evidence that motor differences are some of the earliest to emerge, are a clinically meaningful feature of autism that underlie many core symptoms, and are correlated with both receptive and expressive language skills. A few preliminary studies indicate that there are motor-based brain differences related to speech production and language in autism. These results suggest that the motor act of speech production may play a key role in the communication challenges observed in autism, however the brain and behavioral bases of speech motor profiles are currently poorly characterized. We can advance understanding of the underlying speech production motor differences, and related functional consequences, in autistic individuals through an improved characterization of the speech motor system and speech and language behaviors. Here, I propose to test the hypothesis that speech-motor brain regions are less engaged during speech production tasks in autistic compared to neurotypical (NT) adults, and that this disengagement is related to overall motor, speech, and language skills. I will recruit 30 NT adults and 45 autistic adults with diverse language profiles for an fMRI study paired with deep speech behavioral phenotyping. In Aim 1, I will use a novel functional localizer to identify and characterize the speech production network in each individual participant and compare the networks across groups. In Aim 2, I will use these individual networks as regions of interest in which to examine brain activation during a language- relevant speech production task, nonword repetition. As part of Aim 2, I will conduct deep speech and language phenotyping of the autistic adults, in order to obtain comprehensive profiles of their communication skills. I will then examine the relationship between the speech production activation during nonword repetition and each participant’s speech, language, and motor profiles. These aims will produce a novel localizer to characterize the speech production regions, elucidate speech-motor brain differences between NT and autistic adults, and provide key insights into the relationship between speech production related motor regions and communication in autism. Knowledge gained from this project will lead to a better understanding of role of the motor system in communication in autism across diverse language phenotypes.

项目摘要/摘要 自闭症是一种神经发育状况，影响了44个儿童中有1个是根据社会诊断的 沟通挑战和限制性/重复行为，包括重复运动运动。尽管 加速个人的社会交流差异已广泛研究，运动技能，特别是 那些与言语产生有关的人，仍然是对的。鉴于增长 运动差异最早出现的证据是自闭症具有临床意义的特征 这是许多核心符号的基础，并且与接受性和表达语言技能相关。几个 初步研究表明，存在基于运动的大脑差异与语音产生和 自闭症中的语言。这些结果表明，语音产生的运动法可能在 在自闭症中观察到的沟通挑战，但是语音电机概况的大脑和行为基础 目前的特征很差。我们可以提高对基础语音生产电机的了解 通过改进的表征，加速个体的差异和相关功能后果 语音运动系统以及语言和语言行为。在这里，我建议检验以下假设 与与之相比 神经型（NT）成年人，这种脱离与整体运动，语音和语言技能有关。我 将招募30名成年人和45名具有潜水员语言概况的成年人，以进行fMRI研究与深入研究 语音行为表型。在AIM 1中，我将使用新颖的功能定位器来识别和表征 每个参与者的语音生产网络，并比较跨组的网络。在AIM 2中，我 将使用这些单个网络作为感兴趣的区域，在语言中检查大脑激活的区域 - 相关的语音生产任务，非单词重复。作为目标2的一部分，我将进行深入的语音和语言 加速成年人的表型，以获得其沟通能力的全面概况。我会 然后检查非单词重复期间语音生产激活与每个之间的关系 参与者的言语，语言和运动概况。这些目标将产生一个新颖的本地化，以表征 语音生产区域，阐明NT和加速成年人之间的语音运动大脑差异，以及 提供有关语音生产相关运动区域与通信之间关系的关键见解 在自闭症中。从这个项目中获得的知识将使人们更好地理解运动系统的作用 自闭症在潜水员语言表型中的沟通。