Maximizing the reach of universal child sexual abuse prevention: An equivalence trial

最大限度地扩大普遍预防儿童性虐待的范围：等效试验

• 批准号: 10739900
• 负责人: Katelyn Guastaferro
• 金额: $ 39.97万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-19 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10739900
• 关键词: 13 year old; Accounting; Address; Adoption; Adult; Affect; Age; Body part; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Child; Child Sexual Abuse; Computer software; Cost Analysis; Data; Development; Disclosure; Dissemination and Implementation; Economic Burden; Education; Educational process of instructing; Educational workshop; Effectiveness; Experimental Designs; Future; Government; Human Resources; Income; Infrastructure; Intervention; Investments; Knowledge; Laws; Learning; Link; Maintenance; Modality; Modeling; Monitor; New York; Pennsylvania; Persons; Pilot Projects; Play; Policies; Pre-Post Tests; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention program; Prevention trial; Preventive; Primary Prevention; Privatization; Program Accessibility; Provider; Public Health; Puppet; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Rural; Safety; Sample Size; Schools; Self Perception; Site; Societies; Students; System; Testing; Time; Touch sensation; Trust; Universities; Videoconferencing; Wages; abuse liability; acceptability and feasibility; aged; biopsychosocial; boys; cluster randomized design; community organizations; compare effectiveness; cost; cost effective; design; evidence base; flexibility; follow-up; girls; help-seeking behavior; high risk; implementation fidelity; pandemic disease; pilot test; prevent; programs; public health priorities; public health relevance; racial diversity; school closure; second grade; skills; student retention; tool; universal prevention; virtual; virtual delivery

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a public health problem affecting 1 in 5 girls and 1 in 12 boys before age 18. National estimates indicate children ages 7 to 13 are at highest risk for CSA and CSA is associated with lifelong negative sequelae. School-based prevention programs offer cost-effective universal programming teaching students personal safety skills, knowledge to identify boundary violations and unwanted forms of touch or contact, how to refuse approaches or invitations effectively, increase agency and access to resources. Several programs have demonstrated effectiveness in increasing children’s knowledge of self-protection and some have been linked with facilitating disclosures, including Safe Touches. Effectiveness notwithstanding, the programmatic reach of universal school-based programs is limited by the inherent reliance on school infrastructure and a dearth of available alternative delivery modalities, such as virtual delivery. This was most recently highlighted by the unprecedented school closures to mitigate the spread of COVID-19 wherein the infrastructure for prevention programming, and therefore the potential for school staff to identify potential abuse and disclosures, was eliminated. These circumstances, though unusual, highlighted the need for flexibility in the mode of delivery for effective school based preventive education programs even outside of pandemic times. Though some evidence-based school-based programs may have transitioned to virtual delivery, none have been empirically evaluated nor were they empirically compared against in-person versions. The proposed R21 is designed to address this gap in the CSA prevention research field, uniquely leveraging an existing partnership between university-based researchers (NYU), the Safe Touches model developer (NYSPCC), and community-based organizations with active implementations of Safe Touches in two states representing urban/rural, low/high income, and racially diverse settings. The study will use a rigorous cluster randomized design to determine the equivalence of effectiveness between two delivery modalities of Safe Touches: in- person vs. virtual. We will determine the equivalence of concept learning acquisition (Aim 1) and retention (Aim 2) among students in classrooms (N=180) that receive the in-person (n = 90) or virtual (n=90) Safe Touches workshop. To conclude equivalence, it is important to examine factors that may impact future dissemination and implementation, specifically program adoption among school personnel and implementation fidelity (Aim 3). Study findings will inform the ongoing development of effective CSA prevention programs and policy decisions regarding the sustainable integration of such programs within school systems. Given the scope and burden of CSA, especially among elementary aged students, it is a public health priority to efficiently disseminate effective school-based prevention programs on a wide scale.

儿童性虐待（CSA）是一个公共卫生问题，影响了五分之一的女孩中有1个，而18岁之前的12个男孩中有1个。 国家估计表明，7至13岁的儿童对CSA的风险最高，CSA与 终身负后遗症。基于学校的预防计划提供具有成本效益的通用节目 教学学生个人安全技能，知识以确定边界违规和不必要的形式 触摸或联系，如何有效地拒绝方法或邀请，增加代理商并获得资源。 几个计划在增加儿童的自我保护知识和 有些与支持披露有关，包括安全触摸。尽管有效 通用学校计划的程序范围受学校继承的限制 基础设施和可用替代交付方式的死亡，例如虚拟交付。这是最大的 最近，史无前例的学校关闭以减轻19.19的传播，其中 预防计划的基础设施，因此有可能使学校工作人员确定潜在的虐待 和披露被淘汰。这些情况，尽管不寻常，但强调了灵活性的需求 即使在大流行之外，有效的基于学校的预防教育计划的交付方式 时代。尽管一些基于证据的学校计划可能已经过渡到虚拟交付，但没有 已经通过经验评估了它们，也没有从经验上将其与面对面版本进行比较。提议 R21旨在解决CSA预防研究领域的这一差距，独特利用现有 大学研究人员（NYU），安全触摸模型开发人员（NYSPCC）和 基于社区的组织在两个国家中有积极实施安全触摸的组织，代表 城市/农村，低/高收入以及大致不同的环境。该研究将使用一个随机的严格集群 设计以确定两个安全触摸方式之间有效性的等效性：in- 人与虚拟。我们将确定概念学习获取（AIM 1）和保留（目标）的等效性 2）在教室中的学生（n = 180）中，接收面对面的（n = 90）或虚拟（n = 90）安全触摸 车间。要包括等效性，重要的是检查可能影响未来传播的因素 和实施，特别是在学校人员和实施忠诚中采用（目标） 3）。研究结果将为有效的CSA预防计划和政策的持续发展提供信息 关于此类计划在学校系统中的可持续融合的决定。鉴于范围和 CSA的负担，尤其是在小学老年学生中，有效的公共健康优先事项是 大规模传播有效的基于学校的预防计划。