Bilingualism and Resilience in Latino Youth

拉丁裔青年的双语能力和适应能力

• 批准号: 9093231
• 负责人: Erin M. Rodriguez
• 金额: $ 7.33万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-01 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9093231
• 关键词: 13 year old; Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Age; Age of Onset; Attention; Child; Communities; Coping Skills; Development; Developmental Process; Due Process; Early Intervention; Early identification; Effectiveness; Equilibrium; Family; Goals; Health; Indigenous; Knowledge; Language; Language Development; Latino; Lead; Life; Link; Maintenance; Measures; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Health; Mental Health Services; Neurocognitive; Outcome; Outpatients; Parents; Pathway interactions; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Population Programs; Poverty; Prevention; Prevention approach; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Process; Psychosocial Factor; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Risk; Sampling; Schools; Site; Stress; Suicide attempt; Teenagers; Testing; Underserved Population; Vocabulary; Youth; bilingualism; coping; critical period; depressive symptoms; disparity reduction; early adolescence; executive function; experience; high risk; improved; low socioeconomic status; prevent; programs; prospective; public health relevance; resilience; skills; suicidal; suicidal behavior; therapy development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Latino adolescents have among the highest rates of functionally impairing depressive symptoms, including the highest rates of suicidal behavior. A significant and growing percentage of Latino youth live in poverty, which further increases their risk for depressive symptoms. Although coping skills programs have proven beneficial for preventing or reducing risk for depressive symptoms, low-socioeconomic status (low-SES) Latino youth have among the lowest rates of utilization of conventional mental health services, greatly limiting the effectiveness of these coping programs for this population. Thus, these youth could benefit from alternative approaches to prevention and intervention. A key first step in improving prevention efforts involves the identification of indigenous, accessible, and culturally acceptable processes that support coping and reduce risk for depressive symptoms. Bilingual language development is one such factor that is highly prevalent, but occurs at varying levels of exposure, usage, and proficiency, in low-SES Latino youth. Bilingualism supports the development of executive function (EF), and higher EF has been linked to more adaptive coping and lower levels of depressive symptoms. However, no research has examined associations between bilingualism and depressive symptoms in Latino youth. Therefore, the purpose of the current R03 is to examine the link between degree of bilingualism and the development of depressive symptoms, as well as the potential mediators (EF and coping) of this link, in a sample of low-SES Latino adolescents. We will assess degree of bilingualism, EF, coping and depressive symptoms at baseline and 12 months later in 80 bilingual Latino youth ages 10-13 years old. We focus on this age range because levels of depressive symptoms spike by middle adolescence, making early adolescence a crucial period for prevention and early intervention. Assessments will include youth and parent reports of all variables as well as testing of youth language proficiency and EF. The Specific Aims of the proposed project are to 1) determine the prospective association between degree of bilingualism and development of depressive symptoms over one year in low-SES Latino youth, and 2) assess executive function and coping as potential mediators of the association between bilingualism and development of depressive symptoms over one year. The successful completion of this project will lead to a multi-wave, multi-site R01 proposal to identify pathways from bilingual language development to mental health outcomes in a diverse population of youth. The long-term goal of this line of research is to reduce disparities in depressive symptoms and their health consequences affecting low-SES Latino adolescents and similar high-risk, underserved youth populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：拉丁裔青少年的功能障碍抑郁症状发生率最高，其中自杀行为发生率最高。很大一部分拉丁裔青年生活在贫困之中，而且这一比例还在不断增加，这进一步增加了他们出现抑郁症状的风险。尽管应对技能计划已被证明有助于预防或降低抑郁症状的风险，但低社会经济地位（低SES）的拉丁裔青年对传统心理健康服务的利用率最低，这极大地限制了这些应对计划的有效性。人口。因此，这些年轻人可以从其他预防和干预方法中受益。改善预防工作的关键第一步是确定本土的、可利用的和文化上可接受的流程，以支持应对和降低抑郁症状的风险。双语语言发展是一种非常普遍的因素，但在低社会经济地位的拉丁裔青少年中，双语语言的接触、使用和熟练程度各不相同。双语支持执行功能 (EF) 的发展，较高的 EF 与更适应性的应对和较低水平的抑郁症状有关。然而，尚无研究探讨拉丁裔青少年双语与抑郁症状之间的关联。因此，当前 R03 的目的是在低 SES 拉丁裔青少年样本中检查双语程度与抑郁症状发展之间的联系，以及这种联系的潜在中介因素（EF 和应对）。我们将评估 80 名 10-13 岁双语拉丁裔青少年在基线和 12 个月后的双语程度、EF、应对和抑郁症状。我们关注这个年龄段是因为抑郁症状的水平在青春期中期激增，使青春期早期成为预防和早期干预的关键时期。评估将包括青少年和家长所有变量的报告以及青少年语言能力和 EF 的测试。该项目的具体目标是 1) 确定社会经济地位低的拉丁裔青少年一年内双语程度与抑郁症状发展之间的前瞻性关联，2) 评估执行功能和应对方式作为双语之间关联的潜在中介因素一年内出现抑郁症状。该项目的成功完成将产生多波、多地点的 R01 提案，以确定不同青年群体从双语发展到心理健康结果的途径。该研究的长期目标是减少抑郁症状的差异及其对社会经济地位低的拉丁裔青少年和类似的高风险、服务不足的青少年群体的健康影响。