Calcium coding mechanisms in plant cell growth and immunity

植物细胞生长和免疫中的钙编码机制

• 批准号: 10242190
• 负责人: Sheng Luan
• 金额: $ 40.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10242190
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Alzheimer' s Disease; Angiosperms; Animal Structures; Animals; Arabidopsis; Back; Binding; Biochemical; Biological Assay; Biological Models; Ca(2+)-Transporting ATPase; Calcium; Calcium Channel; Calcium Oscillations; Calcium Signaling; Calcium Spikes; Calmodulin; Cell membrane; Cells; Code; Complement; Complex; Coupling; Cyclic AMP; Cyclic GMP; Cyclic Nucleotides; Cytosol; Defect; Electrophysiology (science); Eukaryota; Female; Fertilization; Genetic; Growth; Health; Heart failure; Human; Hyphae; Image; Immune System Diseases; Immune response; Immunity; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Link; Malignant Neoplasms; Medical; Metabolic Diseases; Modeling; Names; Natural Immunity; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Nucleotides; Pathway interactions; Peptide Receptor; Peptide Signal Sequences; Peptides; Phenotype; Phosphotransferases; Plants; Play; Pollen Tube; Process; Proteins; Protons; Regulation; Research; Role; Saccharomycetales; Second Messenger Systems; Sequence Analysis; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Specificity; Structure; Structure-Activity Relationship; Testing; Translating; Whole Organism; Work; autocrine; axon guidance; base; cell growth; cyclic-nucleotide gated ion channels; directional cell; genetic analysis; human disease; male; mutant; pathogenic bacteria; peptide hormone; polarized cell; receptor; reconstitution; response; sensor; sperm cell; tool; yeast genetics

Calcium (Ca) is a second messenger in all eukaryotes. Defects in Ca signaling cause numerous human diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, heart failure, metabolic diseases, immune disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Despite the importance and broad medical implications, Ca signaling mechanisms remain unclear. The challenging question concerns how Ca encodes specific information coming from different primary signals and translate them into distinct cellular responses. Coding and decoding the specificity of Ca signals remains a long-standing puzzle in the signal transduction field. The PI’s laboratory studies Ca coding and decoding mechanisms using Arabidopsis as a model system and has made breakthroughs in dissecting Ca- coding mechanisms, setting the stage for this application. The proposed studies seek to understand Ca-coding mechanisms in the contexts of pollen tube growth and innate immunity both of which involve cyclic nucleotide- gated channels (CNGCs) in Arabidopsis. The Specific Aim 1 will address the relationship between CNGC-based Ca oscillations and peptide signaling during pollen tube growth. PI’s lab identified two CNGC-type proteins and calmodulin (CaM) forming a Ca “oscillator” in pollen tube growth that also requires autocrine peptide hormones produced by pollen tube. The overarching hypothesis is that peptides bind to their receptors that in turn modulate Ca-oscillator channels. This will be tested through genetic analysis combined with single cell Ca imaging. The Specific Aim 2 will identify Ca transporters that work together with CNGCs in immunity signaling. The importance of Ca signaling has long been recognized in innate immunity for both animal and plant cells. PI’s lab identified a CNGC-type channel that generates cytoplasmic Ca spike in response to bacterial pathogens. Using genetic analysis in Arabidopsis and yeast genetic complementation models, Aim 2 will identify the transporters responsible for removing the Ca signal and study how they coordinate with CNGC-type channels to precisely shape the spatial and temporal dynamics of Ca codes. Specific Aim 3 seeks to understand the mechanisms for activation and inactivation of plant CNGCs. The CNGC-type channels function in both pollen tube and immunity models, but they consist of different subunits and their regulations by CaM are different too. Further, while animal CNGCs are activated by the cyclic nucleotides (cAMP/cGMP), the plant CNGCs in pollen tube and immunity models are insensitive to these nucleotides. The hypothesis is that plant CNGCs are regulated differently from animal counterparts and CaM-based regulation depends on subunit composition of the CNGCs. This hypothesis will be tested in Aim 3 using biochemical and electrophysiological approaches in both pollen tube and immunity model. Arabidopsis is an ideal model to address basic Ca signaling mechanisms, as it provides a plethora of genetic tools and an array of whole-organism and single-cell Ca signaling phenotypes in the genetic mutants. Completion of these aims will reveal new Ca coding mechanisms, contributing to the conceptual framework of Ca signaling highly relevant to human health.

钙（CA）是所有真核生物中的第二个使者。 纳入阿尔茨海默氏病，心力衰竭，代谢疾病，免疫疾病，神经退行性 疾病和癌症，尽管重要性和广泛的医学意义仍然存在 不清楚的问题涉及CA如何编码来自不同主要的特定信息 信号并将其转换为不同的蜂窝响应。 在信号交易领域仍然是长期存在的PUZLE。 使用拟南芥作为模型系统的解码机制，并在解剖CA-方面取得了突破 编码机制，为应用程序设定阶段。 在花粉管生长和先天免疫的背景下的机制涉及环状核苷酸 - 拟南芥中的门控通道（CNGC）。 花粉管生长过程中的Ca振荡和肽信号传导。 在花粉管中形成CA“振荡器”的钙调蛋白（CAM）。 花粉管产生的总体假设是肽结合其受体 CA振荡器通道将通过遗传分析与单细胞CA成像进行测试 特定的目标2将在免疫信号中识别与CNGC一起使用的CA转运蛋白 CA信号长期以来一直在动物和植物细胞的先天免疫中识别出来。 CNGC型通道会对细菌病原体产生细胞质CA尖峰。 在拟南芥和Youys互补模型中，AIM 2将识别转运蛋白 负责删除CA信号，并研究Y与CNGC型通道如何坐标到PECTISYY 塑造CA代码的空间和时间动力学。 植物CNGC的激活和灭活。 模型，但由CAM的不同亚基及其法规也有所不同 CNGC被环状核苷酸（CAMP/CGMP），花粉管中的植物CNGC激活 模型对这些核苷酸不敏感。 动物对应物和基于CAM的基于CNGC的亚基组成。 将使用花粉管和免疫的生化和电生理方法在AIM 3中进行测试 模型。 遗传突变体中全生物和单细胞CA信号表型的遗传工具和ARAY。 通过启示新的CA编码机制完成目标，有助于概念框架 CA信号与人类健康高度相关。