Financial Risks and Ethnic/Racial Disparities in Live Kidney Donation

活体肾脏捐赠的财务风险和民族/种族差异

• 批准号: 8072152
• 负责人: Tanjala Purnell
• 金额: $ 4.14万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8072152
• 关键词: Academia; Active Learning; Address; Affect; African American; Attitude; Award; Behavior; Chronic Kidney Failure; Clinical; Clinical Research; Commit; Complex; Data; Data Set; Decision Making; Development; Doctor of Philosophy; Economics; End stage renal failure; Environment; Epidemiology; Faculty; Fellowship; Foundations; Future; General Population; Goals; Grant; Health; Health Insurance; Health Policy; Health Services; Healthcare; Income; Insurance; Insurance Benefits; Intervention; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Life; Life Insurance; Living Donors; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mentors; Minority; Minority Groups; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; National Research Service Awards; Occupational; Outcome; Patients; Persons; Policies; Prevention; Public Health Schools; Regression Analysis; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Research Ethics; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Resources; Risk; Series; Siblings; Solutions; Source; Statutes and Laws; Students; Surveys; Techniques; Time; Training; Training Activity; Transplantation; United States; Variant; Vulnerable Populations; Weight; Work; Writing; care delivery; career; career development; design; experience; federal policy; health disparity; improved; longitudinal analysis; medical schools; meetings; member; programs; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; racial and ethnic disparities; racial difference; racial/ethnic difference; skills; success; willingness

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Tanjala S. Purnell is a second-year Ph.D. student in the Department of Health Policy and Management at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and a research trainee at the Johns Hopkins Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research. She seeks this National Research Service Award (NRSA) Training Grant to support her career development with the goal of becoming a successful independent clinical researcher studying ways to address ethnic/racial health disparities for patients with chronic kidney disease. During this award, Ms. Purnell will pursue rigorous research and didactic training in a program designed to provide a strong foundation for her future career. In her research, she will examine ethnic/racial differences in attitudes regarding economic risks of live kidney donation, determine whether ethnic/racial differences in attitudes are associated with ethnic/race differences in willingness to donate, and she will assess the impact of federal and state policy interventions addressing economic barriers to live donation upon ethnic/racial differences in live kidney donation rates. Additionally, she will assess whether access to enabling resources (including income/wealth, health insurance, and occupational prestige) explain the relation of ethnic/race differences in attitudes toward economic risks and ethnic/race differences in willingness to donate. To accomplish these aims, she will conduct cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of living kidney donation attitudes and behaviors in the United States, utilizing complex weighted survey data obtained from regional and national studies of persons in the general public and by creating a national dataset of living kidney donors utilizing publicly available data from several sources. She will employ regression analyses, multiple-time series analyses, and other longitudinal analysis techniques in these studies. Ms. Purnell's research objectives are closely aligned with the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases end-stage renal disease target focus of improving rates of kidney transplantation and donation, particularly by African Americans and other ethnic/racial minority groups. In her didactic program, Ms. Purnell will take advanced coursework in research methods, including advanced techniques in study design and analysis, grant writing, and research ethics. Through attendance at national meetings as well as several advanced research seminars, held in the supportive training environment at the Welch Center, she will also have the opportunity to observe the work of others and present her own work. She has identified a team of experienced faculty mentors who are committed to supporting her success and who will make sure she has the resources to assure her completion of the proposed aims of this application. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: My primary career goal is to become a successful independent health services and policy researcher whose work directly contributes to improving health outcomes and reducing disparities in measures of access and quality for patients with chronic kidney disease. I want my future work to contribute to the implementation of federal and state policy legislation that improves health outcomes for chronic kidney disease patients and influences healthcare decision-making that will improve delivery of care for vulnerable populations. I also plan to motivate and train future health services and policy researchers by pursuing a career in academia. The Kirschstein-NRSA Fellowship Training Award will provide me with the opportunity to further develop the skills I need to pursue my research and career goals. This award will allow me to concentrate on coursework and opportunities for experiential learning that will facilitate the successful completion of my dissertation work, as well as my development as an independent health services and policy researcher. In addition to the coursework, an integral focus of my training activities during the fellowship award period will be to engage in special studies and to participate in research projects with faculty members and researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, and the Johns Hopkins Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research on projects directly related to my career goals.

描述（由申请人提供）：Tanjala S. Purnell 是一名二年级博士生。约翰·霍普金斯大学彭博公共卫生学院卫生政策与管理系的学生，也是约翰·霍普金斯大学韦尔奇预防、流行病学和临床研究中心的研究实习生。她寻求国家研究服务奖 (NRSA) 培训补助金来支持她的职业发展，目标是成为一名成功的独立临床研究员，研究解决慢性肾病患者种族/种族健康差异的方法。在获奖期间，珀内尔女士将在一个旨在为她未来职业生涯奠定坚实基础的计划中进行严格的研究和教学培训。在她的研究中，她将研究民族/种族对活体肾脏捐赠经济风险的态度差异，确定民族/种族态度差异是否与民族/种族捐赠意愿差异相关，并且她将评估联邦和种族政策的影响。国家政策干预措施，解决因活体肾脏捐赠率的民族/种族差异而导致的活体捐赠的经济障碍。此外，她还将评估获得有利资源（包括收入/财富、健康保险和职业声望）是否可以解释民族/种族对经济风险态度的差异以及民族/种族在捐赠意愿方面的差异之间的关系。为了实现这些目标，她将对美国的活体肾脏捐赠态度和行为进行横断面和纵向研究，利用从区域和国家公众研究中获得的复杂加权调查数据，并创建一个国家数据集活体肾脏捐赠者利用多个来源的公开数据。她将在这些研究中采用回归分析、多重时间序列分析和其他纵向分析技术。 Purnell 女士的研究目标与国家糖尿病、消化和肾脏疾病研究所的终末期肾病目标密切一致，即提高肾移植和捐赠率，特别是非裔美国人和其他民族/种族少数群体的肾移植和捐赠率。在她的教学计划中，珀内尔女士将学习研究方法的高级课程，包括研究设计和分析、资助写作和研究伦理方面的先进技术。通过参加全国会议以及在韦尔奇中心的支持性培训环境中举行的几次高级研究研讨会，她还将有机会观察他人的工作并展示自己的工作。她已经找到了一支由经验丰富的教师导师组成的团队，他们致力于支持她的成功，并确保她拥有资源来确保她完成本申请的拟议目标。公共卫生相关性：我的主要职业目标是成为一名成功的独立卫生服务和政策研究员，其工作直接有助于改善健康结果并减少慢性肾病患者的获取和质量措施方面的差异。我希望我未来的工作能够为联邦和州政策立法的实施做出贡献，以改善慢性肾病患者的健康结果，并影响医疗保健决策，从而改善对弱势群体的护理服务。我还计划通过在学术界谋求职业生涯来激励和培训未来的卫生服务和政策研究人员。 Kirschstein-NRSA 奖学金培训奖将为我提供进一步发展追求研究和职业目标所需技能的机会。该奖项将使我能够专注于课程作业和体验式学习机会，这将有助于我成功完成论文工作，以及我作为独立卫生服务和政策研究员的发展。除了课程作业外，我在奖学金授予期间的培训活动的一个重要重点将是与约翰·霍普金斯大学布隆伯格公共卫生学院、约翰·霍普金斯大学公共卫生学院的教职人员和研究人员一起进行专门研究并参与研究项目。医学、约翰霍普金斯健康差异解决方案中心以及约翰霍普金斯韦尔奇预防、流行病学和临床研究中心的项目与我的职业目标直接相关。