Examining Sleep, Circadian Rhythms, and Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults at Risk of Dementia

检查有痴呆风险的老年人的睡眠、昼夜节律和认知功能

• 批准号: 10606971
• 负责人: Celina F McDowell
• 金额: $ 3.68万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10606971
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Age-associated memory impairment; Aging; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Boston; Cause of Death; Circadian Dysregulation; Circadian Rhythms; Clinical Investigator; Cognition; Cognitive; Communities; Dementia; Detection; Disease; Early Diagnosis; Early treatment; Elderly; Evaluation; Exhibits; Fellowship; General Hospitals; Home; Hospitals; Hour; Impaired cognition; Light; Massachusetts; Measures; Melatonin; Memory; Monitor; Nerve Degeneration; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neuropsychological Tests; Neuropsychology; Outcome; Participant; Pathology; Patient Self-Report; Performance; Phase; Physiology; Population; Predictive Factor; Psyche structure; Research; Research Methodology; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Sleep Disorders; Sleep disturbances; Stress; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; Universities; Woman; Work; Wrist; actigraphy; career; circadian; cognitive ability; cognitive change; cognitive function; cognitive performance; dementia risk; diaries; disability; executive function; experience; flexibility; functional disability; human old age (65+); interest; mild cognitive impairment; modifiable lifestyle factors; perceived stress; pre-clinical; protective factors; saliva sample; sleep pattern; symptom treatment

PROJECT SUMMARY / ABSTRACT Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that leads to cognitive and functional impairment, and is a leading cause of death and disability in aging populations. As there is no cure for AD, current research is focused on understanding early cognitive and behavioral changes to aid in earlier diagnosis and treatment implementation. Older adults are prone to experiencing cognitive changes and changes in sleep function and circadian rhythms, which regulate timing of physiology and behavior across the 24-hour day. Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances negatively impact cognitive functioning, and are associated with increased risk of cognitive decline and AD dementia. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is one of the earliest observable changes preceding objective mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and often signals the need for a cognitive evaluation. There is a paucity of research examining circadian rhythm disturbances in adults experiencing SCD, and it is not well understood how circadian rhythm disturbances may relate to changes in cognitive functioning in this population. Associations with other factors known to relate to sleep and cognitive functions, such as stress, are also understudied in this group. Examining circadian rhythm timing, their associations with cognitive functions, and the influence of stress on these relations in SCD may reveal predictive factors or treatments of cognitive decline targeted to the circadian timing system. The proposed study will examine circadian rhythm timing and cognitive functioning in adults over 50 who (a) are experiencing SCD, (b) have MCI, and (c) are cognitively intact. Dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) testing, actigraphy, and neuropsychological measures will be used to compare circadian rhythm timing and cognitive functioning across these groups (N=90; 30 in each group). This study aims to examine: (1) differences in circadian rhythm timing between study groups; (2) associations between circadian rhythm timing and cognitive functioning in these three groups; and (3) whether perceived stress moderates these associations. It is hypothesized that adults with SCD and MCI will exhibit advanced circadian phase, increased fragmentation, and increased sleep irregularity compared to age-matched cognitively intact adults; that these circadian disruptions will be associated with worse cognitive performance on objective neuropsychological tests; and these associations will be moderated by stress ratings. Through this fellowship, the applicant will gain valuable experience and hands-on training in sleep and neuropsychological research methods and analyses, enabling her to comprehensively examine sleep-related risks of cognitive decline and AD. Furthermore, she will build a network through training and research engagement at Boston University, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Massachusetts General Hospital. Together, these experiences will provide her with a deeper understanding of the relations between cognition and sleep in aging populations, and will prepare her for a career as a clinical investigator of predictors and outcomes of age-related cognitive decline.

项目摘要 /摘要 阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）是一种进行性神经退行性疾病，导致认知和功能性 损害，是衰老人群中死亡和残疾的主要原因。由于无法治愈广告， 当前的研究重点是理解早期的认知和行为改变以帮助早期诊断 和治疗实施。老年人容易体验认知变化和睡眠变化 功能和昼夜节律，在整个24小时内调节生理和行为的时机。 睡眠和昼夜节律疾病对认知功能产生负面影响，并与 认知能力下降和痴呆症的风险增加。主观认知下降（SCD）是最早的 在客观的轻度认知障碍之前可观察的变化（MCI），并且通常表示需要 认知评估。研究成人昼夜节律疾病的研究很少 体验SCD，尚不充分了解昼夜节律疾病如何与变化有关 该人群的认知功能。与已知与睡眠和认知有关的其他因素的关联 在这一组中也可以理解诸如压力之类的功能。检查昼夜节律时机 与认知功能的关联以及压力对SCD中这些关系的影响可能揭示 针对昼夜节律定时系统的认知下降的预测因素或治疗方法。 拟议的研究将检查50多名成年人的昼夜节律时间和认知功能 （a）正在经历SCD，（b）具有MCI，并且（c）在认知上完好无损。昏暗的光褪黑激素发作（DLMO） 测试，行动学和神经心理学措施将用于比较昼夜节律时机和 这些组之间的认知功能（每组中n = 90; 30）。这项研究旨在检查：（1） 研究组之间的昼夜节律时间差异； （2）昼夜节律正时之间的关联 这三组中的认知功能； （3）感知的压力是否适应这些 协会。假设患有SCD和MCI的成年人将暴露高级昼夜阶段，增加 与年龄匹配的认知成年人相比，分裂和睡眠不规则增加；这些 昼夜节律的干扰将与目标神经心理学上的认知表现差有关 测试；这些关联将通过压力等级来调节。通过此奖学金，适用的意愿 在睡眠和神经心理学研究方法中获得宝贵的经验和动手培训 分析，使她能够全面检查与睡眠相关的认知下降和AD风险。 此外，她将通过波士顿大学（Brigham）的培训和研究参与建立网络 和妇女医院和马萨诸塞州综合医院。这些经历在一起将为她提供 深入了解老龄化人群中认知与睡眠之间的关系，并将 为她准备职业，成为预测因素和与年龄相关的认知能力下降结果的临床研究者。