Ensuring the cultural relevance of Dietary Guidelines diet patterns among African Americans: Increasing dietary quality and reducing type 2 diabetes risk

确保非裔美国人膳食指南饮食模式的文化相关性：提高膳食质量并降低 2 型糖尿病风险

• 批准号: 10599860
• 负责人: Gabrielle Michelle Turner-McGrievy
• 金额: $ 69.66万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA AT COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2026-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10599860
• 关键词: Address; Adopted; Adoption; Adult; African American; African American population; African ancestry; Biological; Chronic Disease; Communication; Communities; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Dietary Fiber; Dietary Intervention; Dietary Practices; Eating; Ensure; European; Failure; Food; Future; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Goals; Guidelines; Health; Healthy Eating; Hispanic Populations; Hypertension; Individual; Industry; Intake; Intervention; Intervention Trial; LDL Cholesterol Lipoproteins; Literature; Measures; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Nutrient; Nutritional; Nutritional Study; Obesity; Observational Study; Odds Ratio; Overweight; Participant; Pattern; Persons; Phase; Plants; Policies; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Randomized; Recipe; Recommendation; Research; Restaurants; Risk; Risk Factors; Testing; United States; Update; Vegan Diet; Weight; Work; bean; cooking; diabetes risk; dietary; dietary guidelines; evidence base; experience; falls; fruits and vegetables; good diet; improved; indexing; nutrition; programs; randomized trial; recruit; response

Project Summary/Abstract The U.S. Dietary Guidelines (USDG) form the basis of federal nutrition programs and policy and provide valuable guidance to health initiatives and industries. The updated 2015 USDG moved away from a focus on individual nutrients to a greater focus on dietary patterns. The USDG state that healthy eating goals can be met through a variety of dietary patterns, but present healthy diet in three main ways: 1) Healthy U.S.- Style Eating Pattern, 2) Healthy Mediterranean-Style Eating Pattern, and 3) Healthy Vegetarian Eating Pattern. Currently, US adults are falling short of the nutrition recommendations (fruit/vegetable intake, greens/beans, whole grains, etc.) set forth by the USDG and measured by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). While the USDG are the basis of nutrition guidelines, the research informing these dietary pattern recommendations has largely been drawn from observational studies among mostly white populations. In addition, there has been very limited cultural-tailoring of these dietary patterns that would ensure that these diets are acceptable to diverse populations, in particular, African Americans (AAs) living in the south, who experience a disproportionate burden of chronic disease, especially type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Currently, US adults are not meeting nutrition recommendations (fruit/vegetable, whole grains, etc.) set forth by the USDG and measured by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). For this study, AA adult participants with overweight/obesity and ≥three T2DM risk factors will be recruited to participate in the following aims: Aim 1: Conduct a 3-month randomized trial among AAs comparing adoption of the 3 dietary patterns [1) US, 2) Med, or 3) Veg] using existing materials from the USDG and examine differences in diet quality (HEI) and T2DM risk factors (weight, HgbA1c). Aim 2: Drawing on participants’ experiences in Aim 1, conduct qualitative work to refine and culturally tailor the dietary pattern intervention for an AA audience. Aim 3: Based on the findings of Aim 2, conduct a one-year intervention using revised culturally tailored materials to examine differences in HEI and T2DM risk factors among participants (n=198) randomized to one of the 3 dietary patterns. This will result in community-based strategies around presenting dietary guidelines in a way to effectively meet nutrition recommendations leading to significant impacts on health among AA adults.

项目摘要/摘要 美国饮食指南（USDG）构成了联邦营养计划和政策的基础， 为健康计划和行业提供宝贵的指导。更新的2015年USDG脱离了 专注于个人营养素，更加关注饮食模式。 USDG指出健康饮食目标 可以通过多种饮食模式来满足，但以三种主要方式表达健康饮食：1）健康美国 - 样式饮食方式，2）健康的地中海风格的饮食模式和3）健康的素食饮食模式。 目前，美国成年人还没有营养建议（水果/蔬菜摄入量，蔬菜/豆类， 全谷物等。而USDG 是营养准则的基础，为这些饮食模式建议提供的研究在很大程度上已有 是从大多数白人人群中的观察性研究中得出的。此外，还有非常 这些饮食模式的文化尾部有限，可以确保潜水员可以接受这些饮食 尤其是生活在南部的非裔美国人（AAS），他们经历了不成比例的 慢性疾病的负担，尤其是2型糖尿病（T2DM）。目前，美国成年人没有满足营养 USDG提出的建议（水果/蔬菜，全谷物等），并由健康衡量 吃索引（HEI）。 对于这项研究，AA成年参与者具有超重/肥胖和≥t2DM风险因素将是 招募参加以下目标： 目标1：在AA中进行3个月的随机试验，比较了3种饮食模式的采用 [1）美国，2）Med或3）使用USDG中现有材料并检查饮食差异 质量（HEI）和T2DM风险因素（重量，HGBA1C）。 目标2：利用参与者在AIM 1中的经验，进行定性工作以完善和文化 为AA观众量身定制饮食模式干预。 AIM 3：根据AIM 2的发现，使用经过修订的文化量身定制的一年干预 检查参与者中HEI和T2DM风险因素差异的材料（n = 198） 到3种饮食模式之一。 这将导致基于社区的策略围绕介绍饮食指南的方式 有效地满足营养建议，从而对AA成年人的健康产生重大影响。