Social factors in the mental health of young adults: Bridging psychological and network analysis

年轻人心理健康的社会因素：桥接心理和网络分析

• 批准号: 10593072
• 负责人: Jamil Zaki
• 金额: $ 63.26万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10593072
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Affect; Affective; Anxiety; Articulation; Basic Science; Biological; Brain; Brain imaging; COVID-19 pandemic; Cognitive; Communities; Data; Data Set; Distress; Down-Regulation; Ecological momentary assessment; Emotions; Empathy; Exhibits; Face; Fostering; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Grant; Health; Incidence; Individual; Interpersonal Relations; Intervention; Investigation; Life; Loneliness; Long-Term Effects; Maintenance; Maps; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Microclimate; Modeling; Mood Disorders; Neurosciences; Outcome; Participant; Pathway Analysis; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Play; Policies; Population; Positioning Attribute; Public Health; Recovery; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Role; Sampling; Scanning; Social Behavior; Social Distance; Social Interaction; Social Network; Social Psychology; Social support; Source; Stress; Students; Surveys; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Universities; Work; behavior measurement; burden of illness; career; cohort; college; data-driven model; digital media; emotion regulation; experience; falls; follow-up; indexing; negative affect; neural; neuroimaging; novel; pandemic disease; peer; peer support; pre-pandemic; predictive modeling; promote resilience; psychologic; recruit; resilience; social; social factors; stress management; stressor; tool; undergraduate student; university student; young adult

PROJECT SUMMARY The purpose of this project is to examine social factors in the long-term mental health of young adults. Depression, anxiety, and loneliness have steeply risen among college and university students in the last decades, creating an enormous public health burden. Mental health difficulties promise to intensify during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, making it especially urgent to examine and amplify sources of resilience among young adults. Decades of evidence demonstrate that social connectedness, in the form of subjective belonging, objective social ties, and supportive interpersonal interactions, bolster mental health in several key ways. We propose that connectedness early in college, and students’ ability to regulate their emotions through social interactions, could play a pivotal role in encouraging long-term mental health. Though foundational, past work is limited in its ability to test these predictions because it typically examines (i) dyadic relationships rather than broader networks, (ii) the effect of small numbers of social factors, independently, and (iii) short time spans. These limitations are especially relevant to undergraduate settings, as student social life is centered in broad communities on which individuals depend for social support. This project will merge tools from social psychology, network analysis, and neuroscience to provide a rich, precise, and longitudinal account of how social connectedness supports young adult mental health over time. Our team has mapped the social networks formed by a large (n > 850) cohort of incoming university students, and combined this with ecological momentary assessment of students’ interactions and indices of mental health. We have found novel evidence that (i) “social microclimates,” such as the empathy of a student’s neighbors, affect individual well being, (ii) students search their social networks for supportive peers when under stress, (iii) peer interactions mitigate stress over time, and (iv) lonely students under-perceive close social ties, and under-utilize social resources. Here, we will expand this work in several ways. First, we will incorporate a longitudinal approach: measuring students’ connectedness and well being over their college career. We will combine these data with cutting-edge predictive modeling to quantify how social ties formed early in college relate to well being in later years, as well as students’ subsequent “mental health trajectories.” Second, we will recruit a longitudinal replication cohort to establish the robustness of our effects. Third, we will build on previous neuroimaging work of our team to probe neural “signatures” of social connectedness and examine their relationship to other measures of connection, and to well being, over time. At the level of basic science, this project will represent a novel, naturalistic approach to the study of social factors in mental health, and produce a large-scale, multifaceted dataset, which will be made publicly available to facilitate the collaborative and cumulative study of social connection. At a translational level, the resulting data can pave the way for policies aimed at fostering stronger social ties—and mental health—among a broad swath of the population.

项目摘要 该项目的目的是检查年轻人长期心理健康中的社会因素。 抑郁，动画和孤独感在最后一学院和大学生中急剧上升 几十年来，创造了巨大的公共卫生伯恩。心理健康困难承诺在和 在Covid-19-19大流行之后，特别是迫切需要检查和放大弹性来源 年轻人。数十年的证据表明，社会联系，以主观的形式 归属，客观的社会联系和支持性人际关系，在几个关键中加强心理健康 方式。我们在大学初期提出了这种联系，以及学生通过 社会互动可能在鼓励长期心理健康方面发挥关键作用。虽然是基础，但过去 工作测试这些预测的能力受到限制，因为它通常检查（i）二元关系而不是 比更广泛的网络，（ii）独立的社会因素的影响，以及（iii）短时间 跨度。这些限制与本科设置特别相关，因为学生社交生活以中心 个人依赖社会支持的广泛社区。该项目将合并社交工具 心理学，网络分析和神经科学提供了丰富，精确和纵向的描述 随着时间的流逝，社会联系如何支持年轻的成人心理健康。我们的团队绘制了 社交网络由大型（n> 850）的大学生组成，并将其与 生态瞬时评估学生的互动和心理健康指数。我们发现了小说 证据表明（i）“社会微气候”，例如学生的邻居的同理心，都会影响个人 （ii）学生在压力下搜索社交网络寻求支持者，（iii）同伴互动 随着时间的流逝减轻压力，（iv）孤独的学生不足以感知紧密的社交关系，并使社会充分利用 资源。在这里，我们将以几种方式扩展这项工作。首先，我们将结合一个纵向 方法：衡量学生的联系和在大学生涯中的福祉。我们将结合 这些数据具有尖端的预测建模，以量化社会关系在大学早期与与 在后来的几年中，以及随后的学生的“心理健康轨迹”。第二，我们将招募 纵向复制队列，以建立我们效应的鲁棒性。第三，我们将基于以前的 我们团队的神经影像学工作探讨社会联系的神经元的“签名”并检查他们的 随着时间的流逝，与其他连接的措施以及与福祉的关系。在基础科学层面，这 项目将代表一种新颖的自然主义方法来研究心理健康中的社会因素，并产生 一个大规模的多面数据集，将公开使用，以促进协作和 社会联系的累积研究。在翻译层面，结果数据可以为政策铺平道路 旨在促进人口广泛的社会联系和心理健康。