Writers and Erasers of Ubiquitin Moieties in Control of Cell-to-Cell Transport in Plants

控制植物细胞间运输的泛素部分的书写者和擦除者

• 批准号: 10593120
• 负责人: VITALY H CITOVSKY
• 金额: $ 39.88万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY NEW YORK STONY BROOK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-03-16 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10593120
• 关键词: Address; Agrobacterium; Bacteria; Biology; Carrier Proteins; Cells; Gene Expression Regulation; Genes; Genetic Transformation; Goals; Knowledge; Laboratories; Life Cycle Stages; Mammals; Molecular; Movement; Nanotubes; Nucleic Acids; Pathway interactions; Plant Model; Plant Viruses; Plants; Plasmodesmata; Proteins; Regulation; Research; Role; Transport Process; Ubiquitin; Viral; cell motility; epigenetic regulation; histone modification; innovation; intercellular connection; macromolecule; pathogen; plant virus movement protein; programs; response; tool; ubiquitin isopeptidase; ubiquitin-protein ligase

PROJECT SUMMARY Perhaps one of the most intriguing, yet least studied, aspects of macromolecular transport is traffic through intercellular connections. These connections are termed tunneling nanotubes in mammals and plasmodesmata (Pd) in plants. Whereas both mammalian and plant viruses utilize cell-to-cell transport pathways, the first such capability was identified for movement proteins (MPs) of plant viruses, the transport of which via Pd represents a conceptual paradigm for intercellular traffic of macromolecules. Whereas the main research effort in the field, including our lab, has been focused on the mechanism of MP cell-to-cell movement, the important question of how the movement mechanism is controlled remained largely unaddressed. The proposed research program aims to begin filing this gap in our knowledge. Research in my laboratory focuses on three diverse aspects of plant biology and plant-pathogen interactions: (i) cell-to-cell transport of the movement protein (MP) of the model plant virus TMV; (ii) bacterium-to-plant cell transport of proteins and nucleic acids during genetic transformation by Agrobacterium; and (iii) epigenetic regulation of gene expression, including the pathogen response genes, by histone modifications. Recently, all three projects converged on the regulatory roles of ubiquitin writers (E3 ligases) and erasers (deubiquitinases) in the plant life cycle in general, and in the MP cell-to-cell transport in particular. Specifically, our findings suggest that ubiquitin writers and erasers dynamically control two major aspects of the MP cell- to-cell transport process: cargo stability/availability and assembly/disassembly of the Pd transport machinery. The proposed program leverages the wealth of molecular tools and experimental approaches that we have developed along the years to study cell-to-cell transport of plant viruses and roles of protein ubiquitylation/deubiquitylation in plant-pathogen interactions to address a new (and, so far, completely unresearched) level of regulation of intercellular transport through Pd by reversible action of ubiquitin writers and erasers of the plant cell. We believe that this goal is innovative and likely to be transformative also for studies of transport of other proteins, viral and plant, through Pd.

项目摘要 也许是大分子的最有趣，研究最少的方面之一 运输是通过细胞间连接的流量。这些连接称为隧道 哺乳动物中的纳米管和植物中的质量瘤（PD）。而哺乳动物和植物 病毒利用细胞到细胞的传输途径，确定了第一个此类功能 植物病毒的运动蛋白（MPS），其通过PD的转运代表 大分子细胞间流量的概念范例。而主要的研究 包括我们的实验室在内的现场努力一直集中在MP细胞到细胞的机制上 移动，如何控制运动机制的重要问题 在很大程度上没有解决。拟议的研究计划旨在开始在我们的 知识。我的实验室的研究重点介绍植物生物学的三个不同方面和 植物病原体相互作用：（i）模型运动蛋白（MP）的细胞向细胞转运 植物病毒TMV； （ii）遗传过程中蛋白质和核酸的细菌至植物细胞转运 农杆菌转化； （iii）基因表达的表观遗传调节，包括 病原体反应基因通过组蛋白修饰。最近，这三个项目融合了 在植物中泛素作者（E3连接酶）和橡皮酶（去泛素酶）的调节作用上 总体而言，生命周期，尤其是在MP细胞到细胞运输中。具体来说，我们的发现 建议泛素作者和橡皮擦动态控制MP细胞的两个主要方面 待办事项运输过程：PD的货物稳定性/可用性和组装/拆卸 运输机械。提议的计划利用了分子工具的财富和 多年来，我们开发的实验方法研究细胞向细胞运输 植物病毒和蛋白质泛素化/去泛素化在植物病原体相互作用中的作用 解决一个新的（到目前为止，完全没有研究）的细胞间调节级别 通过泛素作者和植物细胞橡皮擦的可逆作用通过PD运输。我们 认为这一目标是创新的，并且可能对运输的研究也具有变革性 通过PD，其他病毒和植物的其他蛋白质。