Training in translational social neuroscience

转化社会神经科学培训

• 批准号: 8374072
• 负责人: LISA A. PARR
• 金额: $ 9.82万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-15 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8374072
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Age-Months; Aggressive behavior; Animal Model; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Area; Attention; Autistic Disorder; Award; Basic Science; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Blood - brain barrier anatomy; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Child; Clinical; Clinical Research; Cognitive; Collaborations; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Discrimination; Disease; Dose; Drug Compounding; Early Diagnosis; Early treatment; Emotions; Empathy; Environment; Explosion; Eye; Face; Facial Expression; Facial Expression Recognition; Funding; Goals; Health; Human; Image; Impairment; Incidence; Individual; Infant; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Learning; Macaca mulatta; Memory; Mental disorders; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Monkeys; Neuraxis; Neurobiology; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurologic; Neuropeptides; Neuropharmacology; Neurosciences; Outcome; Oxytocin; Performance; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Pharmacological Treatment; Pharmacotherapy; Phenotype; Physician Executives; Pongidae; Preclinical Drug Evaluation; Primates; Procedures; Process; Reading; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Training; Risk; Risk Factors; Risperidone; Rodent; Role; Safety; Self-Injurious Behavior; Social Behavior; Social Discrimination; Social Interaction; Social Perception; Solid; Symptoms; System; Testing; Time; Training; Translational Research; Trust; Universities; Validation; Vasopressins; Visual; Work; autism spectrum disorder; base; career development; comparative; cost; design; experience; face perception; improved; information processing; interest; intervention program; nonhuman primate; novel; pre-clinical; preclinical study; preference; programs; research study; skills; social; social cognition; social neuroscience

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Candidate: I have had a competitive, independent research program at the Yerkes National Primate Center and Emory University for over 10 years focusing on comparative social cognition, specifically how monkeys and apes process information about identity and emotion from faces. Face recognition is an important skill in humans and its deficits are a common phenotype in numerous neurodevelopmental and neuropathological disorders, like autism. Because of this, I have become interested in exploring the possibility for translational applications for this research, bridging basic research in monkey with preclinical studies. With the newly formed Center for Translational Social Neuroscience at Emory and the recruitment of Dr. Ami Klin to serve as Director for Autism Research at the Marcus Autism Center in Atlanta, I feel that this is the ideal time to seek new training that will advance my opportunities for career development in translational social neuroscience and autism research. Therefore, this Career Development Award is designed to broaden my solid background in basic research on social cognition by providing training in translational social neuroscience focused on clinical research training in autism and training in the neuropharmacology of prosocial behavior. Environment: Training will be achieved through collaboration with colleagues at Emory University, the Yerkes National Primate Research Center, the Center for Translational Social Neuroscience at Emory, and the Marcus Autism Center. Each of these Centers is located within a mile of Emory's main campus, is world renowned for scientific and academic excellence, and will provide unparalleled support both in terms of infrastructure and opportunities for career development. The short-term goals for this award are threefold. The first goal is to gain important training in neuropeptide systems and basic neuropharmacology research methods. This will come through interactions with Dr. Larry Young, Director for the Center for Translational Social Neuroscience and Division of Behavioral Neuroscience and Psychiatric Disorders. This will include training in how to determine drug doses and delivery methods for administering oxytocin to primates. I will apply this knowledge to investigate whether the neuropeptide oxytocin can modulate monkeys' performance on social cognitive tasks. Additionally, I will work with Dr. Leonard Howell, Director for the Division of Neuropharmacology and Neurologic Diseases and the Yerkes Imaging Center to learn several basic neurosurgical preparations and drug administration procedures that are commonly used to study the neuropharmacological basis of behavior in monkeys. The second goal is to gain clinical experience using translational research methods in autism. To do this, I will work with Dr. Ami Klin, the Director for Autism Research at the Marcus Autism Center. Dr. Klin's laboratory has pioneered the use of robust, data-driven eye- tracking methods for studying visual social engagement in autism. Using these methods, Dr. Klin and his team have identified risk factors for developing autism in infants as early as 6 months of age. I will then implement these methods to study visual social engagement in monkeys, providing a hands-on opportunity to apply this translational research approach to my currently funded studies. The final goal is to gain clinical training in autism through interactions with both Dr. Roy Sanders, Medical Director at Marcus, and Dr. Klin by observing children with ASD, learning about early intervention programs, and assisting with research studies. Research: The proposed research builds strategically on my expertise in comparative social cognition while providing the opportunity for the hands-on training in these new areas. The training Aim 1 will investigate whether oxytocin is able to influence the performance of monkeys on several of the current R01 tasks (Aims 1, 2 and 4), including face recognition, facial expression discrimination and social attention. The training Aim 2 is to apply the objective, data-driven eye-tracking methods used to study visual social engagement in infants at risk for developing autism to studies of monkey social perception. This will strengthen the approach to be taken in the current R01 Aim 1, which is to use eye-tracking to compare the validity of viewing preference compared to operant procedures in studies of primate social cognition, as it will establish this translational method as viable in monkeys. My long-term goal is to develop a competitive research program that bridges comparative and translational social neuroscience to understand the basic behavior and neurobiology of social cognition, with a focus on developing animal models for the treatment of social deficits. The new aims proposed in this award will provide hands-on opportunities to apply the new training in a manner that will not only enhance the outcome of my current R01, but provide the experience necessary to achieve my long-term goals for career development. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Progress in the development of pharmacotherapies for treating the social impairments associated with autism, and other neuropathological disorders, has been slowed by the lack of well- defined methods for testing whether these drugs positively impact social behavior. This project will examine the efficacy of one drug, oxytocin, in modulating the performance of monkeys on several tasks that have revealed social impairments in autism, including face perception and facial expression discrimination. It will also establish a robust translational eye-tracking method for studying social engagement in monkeys that can be used to screen the efficacy of novel pharmacotherapies. The goal is to bridge basic and preclinical studies to establish a means for screening drugs that could improve the lives of individuals affected by autism.

描述（由申请人提供）： 候选人：我在耶基斯国家灵长类动物中心和埃默里大学开展了一个竞争性的独立研究项目十多年，重点关注比较社会认知，特别是猴子和猿类如何处理来自面部的身份和情感信息。面部识别是人类的一项重要技能，其缺陷是许多神经发育和神经病理性疾病（如自闭症）的常见表型。正因为如此，我对探索这项研究转化应用的可能性产生了兴趣，将猴子的基础研究与临床前研究联系起来。随着埃默里大学新成立的转化社会神经科学中心以及任命 Ami Klin 博士担任亚特兰大马库斯自闭症中心自闭症研究主任，我觉得现在是寻求新培训的理想时机，这将提高我的能力。转化社会神经科学和自闭症研究的职业发展机会。因此，该职业发展奖旨在通过提供专注于自闭症临床研究培训和亲社会行为神经药理学培训的转化社会神经科学培训来拓宽我在社会认知基础研究方面的坚实背景。环境：培训将通过与埃默里大学、耶基斯国家灵长类动物研究中心、埃默里转化社会神经科学中心和马库斯自闭症中心的同事合作完成。这些中心均距离埃默里大学主校区不到一英里，以卓越的科学和学术成就而闻名于世，并将在基础设施和职业发展机会方面提供无与伦比的支持。该奖项的短期目标有三个。第一个目标是获得神经肽系统和基本神经药理学研究方法的重要培训。这将通过与转化社会神经科学中心和行为神经科学和精神疾病部门主任拉里·杨博士的互动来实现。这将包括如何确定灵长类动物催产素给药剂量和给药方法的培训。我将应用这些知识来研究神经肽催产素是否可以调节猴子在社交认知任务中的表现。此外，我将与神经药理学和神经系统疾病科以及 Yerkes 影像中心主任 Leonard Howell 博士合作，学习几种基本的神经外科制剂和给药程序，这些程序通常用于研究猴子行为的神经药理学基础。第二个目标是利用自闭症转化研究方法获得临床经验。为此，我将与马库斯自闭症中心自闭症研究主任阿米·克林博士合作。克林博士的实验室率先使用强大的、数据驱动的眼球追踪方法来研究自闭症患者的视觉社交参与。利用这些方法，Klin 博士和他的团队已经确定了 6 个月大的婴儿患自闭症的危险因素。然后，我将实施这些方法来研究猴子的视觉社交参与，提供一个实践机会，将这种转化研究方法应用到我目前资助的研究中。最终目标是通过与 Marcus 医疗总监 Roy Sanders 博士和 Klin 博士的互动，通过观察自闭症儿童、了解早期干预计划并协助研究，获得自闭症临床培训。研究：拟议的研究战略性地建立在我在比较社会认知方面的专业知识的基础上，同时为这些新领域的实践培训提供了机会。训练目标 1 将调查催产素是否能够影响猴子在当前 R01 多项任务（目标 1、2 和 4）中的表现，包括面部识别、面部表情辨别和社会注意力。培训目标 2 是将用于研究有自闭症风险的婴儿的视觉社交参与的客观、数据驱动的眼球追踪方法应用于猴子社会感知的研究。这将加强当前 R01 目标 1 中采用的方法，即使用眼动追踪来比较观看偏好与灵长类社会认知研究中的操作程序的有效性，因为它将确立这种翻译方法在 猴子。我的长期目标是开发一个有竞争力的研究项目，将比较和转化社会神经科学联系起来，以了解社会认知的基本行为和神经生物学，重点是开发治疗社会缺陷的动物模型。该奖项提出的新目标将为我提供应用新培训的实践机会，不仅可以提高我当前 R01 的成果，还可以提供实现我职业发展长期目标所需的经验。 公共卫生相关性：由于缺乏明确的方法来测试这些药物是否对社会行为产生积极影响，用于治疗与自闭症和其他神经病理性疾病相关的社会障碍的药物疗法的开发进展已经放缓。该项目将研究一种药物催产素在调节猴子在多项任务中的表现的功效，这些任务揭示了自闭症的社交障碍，包括面部感知和面部表情歧视。它还将建立一个 用于研究猴子社会参与的强大的平移眼球追踪方法，可用于筛选新型药物疗法的功效。目标是连接基础研究和临床前研究，建立一种筛选药物的方法，以改善自闭症患者的生活。