Adverse childhood experiences and alcohol misuse in Latino adolescents: testing biopsychosocial and cultural mechanisms.

拉丁裔青少年的不良童年经历和酒精滥用：测试生物心理社会和文化机制。

• 批准号: 10574557
• 负责人: Jenny Zhen-Duan
• 金额: $ 16.12万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-20 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10574557
• 关键词: Adherence; Adolescent; Affect; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol dependence; Alcoholism; Alcohols; Area; Award; Biological; Biological Factors; Biological Markers; Biometry; Child; Childhood; Chronic; Clinical; Collection; Communities; Consumption; DNA Methylation; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Discrimination; Disparity; Drug usage; Endocrine; Endocrinology; Ensure; Environmental Risk Factor; Epigenetic Process; Etiology; Event; Exposure to; Family; Foundations; Future; Genes; Genetic; Goals; Hair; Health; Health Disparities Research; Heavy Drinking; High Prevalence; Hostility; Hydrocortisone; Immigrant; Intervention; Knowledge; Latino; Latino Population; Link; Measures; Mediating; Mental Health; Mentors; Mentorship; Methylation; Minority; Modeling; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities; Neurobiology; Parents; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pharmacological Treatment; Prevention; Prevention Research; Psychologist; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Role; Saliva; Sampling; Scientist; Stress; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; System; Testing; Time; Training; Work; abuse neglect; addiction; adverse childhood events; alcohol epidemiology; alcohol misuse; alcohol risk; alcohol use disorder; binge drinking; biological adaptation to stress; biological systems; biopsychosocial; career; childhood adversity; cohesion; cultural values; disorder prevention; ethnic minority; experience; fortification; high-risk adolescents; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; maltreatment; peer; prospective; protective factors; psychologic; psychosocial; racial minority; resilience; social; social culture; sociocultural determinant; stressor; substance use

Project Summary Background. Latino adolescents have higher prevalence of alcohol consumption and binge drinking, start using drugs and alcohol earlier, and are at greater risk of developing addiction due to early use. It has been well documented that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), such as abuse and neglect, significantly increase the risk for alcohol misuse. ACEs also affect HPA axis functioning and alter cortisol levels that can lead to mental health problems and alcohol use. More recently, epigenetic studies have uncovered that methylation of HPA axis genes affect cortisol levels and increase the risk for alcohol use disorder. More integrative research is needed to understand how biological and environmental factors interact to increase the vulnerability for alcohol misuse. Research Strategy. To obtain a more nuanced understanding of mechanisms leading to alcohol misuse, we hypothesize influences at the psychological (traumatic stressors), biological (genetics, endocrine), interpersonal (family cohesion), and cultural (values) level and identify paths of risk and resilience. The current project will assess the impact of ACEs on alcohol abuse and identify relevant protective factors (aim 1), evaluate the role of HPA axis functioning (hair cortisol) in the ACEs-alcohol misuse link and identify relevant protective factors (aim 2), and explore epigenetic mechanisms (saliva DNA methylation) linking ACEs and HPA axis functioning (hair cortisol; aim 3). The proposed study will leverage the structure and resources of the candidate primary mentor’s parent R01 and select a subsample of Latino adolescents (N= 150), for stress biomarkers collection (i.e., hair cortisol, saliva DNA methylation). Data yielded from the proposed study will lead to a future R01 examining the contribution of childhood adversities on biological vulnerabilities for alcohol use disorders longitudinally. Training Plan. In coordination with the research plan, the candidate will pursue training in the following three areas: (1) obtain training on alcohol epidemiology and etiology as a foundation to developing addiction prevention research with racial/ethnic minorities, (2) gain knowledge of epigenetics via DNA methylation, particularly in HPA axis and alcoholism-related genes, and (3) train in statistical genetics. Mentorship. Dr. Alegría is an expert in health and substance use disparities with extensive experience in mentoring early career investigators. Co-mentor Dr. Shields provides expertise on adversity-related epigenetics among minorities, co-mentor Dr. Zhang provides expertise in epigenetic influences in alcohol use disorders, and co-mentor Dr. Becker provides expertise in alcohol addiction among adolescents. A team of advisors provides additional expertise in biostatistics modeling of longitudinal data (Dr. Spiegelman) and in the impact of adversity on child endocrinology (Dr. Valentino). Candidate. The candidate is an early career scientist and clinical psychologist with extensive health disparities research experience. Together, the research and training experiences and expertise developed through this K08 award will support the applicant’s transition to research independence and ensure the applicant becomes a leading expert in biopsychosocial influences in minority addiction and health.

项目摘要 背景。拉丁裔青少年的饮酒和暴饮暴食率更高，开始使用 较早的毒品和酒精，并且由于早期使用而面临成瘾的风险更大。很好 记录了不利的童年经历（ACE），例如虐待和忽视，大大增加了 滥用酒精的风险。 ACE还会影响HPA轴的功能并改变皮质醇水平，这可能导致心理 健康问题和饮酒。最近，表观遗传研究发现了HPA轴的甲基化 基因影响皮质醇水平并增加患酒精疾病的风险。需要更多的集成研究 了解生物学和环境因素如何相互作用以增加滥用酒精的脆弱性。 研究策略。为了获得对导致滥用酒精的机制的更细微的理解，我们 假设的影响（创伤性压力源），生物学（遗传学，内分泌），人际关系 （家庭凝聚力）以及文化（价值）水平，并确定风险和弹性的途径。当前项目将 评估ACE对酒精滥用的影响并确定相关的受保护因素（AIM 1），评估 ACES-醇滥用链接中的HPA轴功能（毛皮质醇）并识别相关的受保护因素（AIM 2），并探索表观遗传机制（唾液DNA甲基化），将ACE和HPA轴功能连接（头发） 皮质醇；目标3）。拟议的研究将利用候选人主要导师的结构和资源 父r01并选择拉丁裔青少年的子样本（n = 150），用于压力生物标志物收集（即头发 皮质醇，唾液DNA甲基化）。拟议的研究产生的数据将导致未来的R01检查 儿童逆境对纵向饮酒障碍的生物脆弱性的贡献。训练 计划。在与研究计划的协调下，候选人将在以下三个领域进行培训：（1） 获得有关饮酒流行病学和病因的培训，作为发展成瘾研究的基础 （2）通过DNA甲基化获得表观遗传学的知识，尤其是在HPA轴和 酒精中毒相关的基因和（3）统计遗传学的训练。指导。 Alegria博士是健康专家， 药物使用分布在心理早期职业研究者方面具有丰富的经验。联合主管博士 Zhang博士提供 对饮酒障碍的表观遗传影响的专业知识，贝克尔博士提供专业知识 青少年中的酒精成瘾。一个顾问团队提供了生物统计学建模方面的其他专业知识 纵向数据（Spiegelman博士）和广告对儿童内分泌学的影响（Valentino博士）。 候选人。候选人是早期的职业科学家和临床心理学家，具有广泛的健康差异 研究经验。通过此K08发展的研究和培训经验和专业知识一起 奖项将支持申请人过渡到研究独立性，并确保申请人成为 少数群体成瘾和健康的生物心理社会影响领域的领先专家。