Development of In Vivo EPR Tooth Dosimetry for Use by Non-Expert Personnel

供非专家人员使用的体内 EPR 牙齿剂量测定的开发

• 批准号: 7746405
• 负责人: Oleg Grinberg
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: CLIN-EPR, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-15 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7746405
• 关键词: Accidents; Accounting; Achievement; Affect; Age; Automation; Characteristics; Classification; Collaborations; Computer software; Consult; Cosmetics; Data; Data Collection; Demographic Factors; Dental; Development; Devices; Discrimination; Dose; Effectiveness; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; Emergency Situation; Equipment; Event; Exercise; Exposure to; Gender; Goals; Healthcare Systems; Human Resources; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Ionizing radiation; Laboratories; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Nuclear; Operative Surgical Procedures; Output; Phase; Population; Positioning Attribute; Probability; Procedures; Process; Production; Race; Radiation; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Role; Safety; Sampling; Screening procedure; Shapes; Simulate; Site; Small Business Innovation Research Grant; Solutions; System; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Tooth structure; Training; Triage; Uncertainty; Variant; Work; base; clinically significant; data acquisition; design; detector; dosimetry; experience; in vivo; instrument; instrumentation; model development; mortality; portability; prototype; public health relevance; response; restoration; software development; usability

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The aim of the proposed project is to establish the feasibility of developing the techniques and the instrumentation that will enable EPR dosimetry, based on measurements of teeth in vivo, to be at a state where it can be used by non-expert personnel in the field in response to radiation events where large numbers of people have potentially had significant exposures to ionizing radiation. Ongoing studies at Dartmouth have demonstrated the safety of EPR tooth dosimetry and its ability to quantify individual exposures to ionizing radiation. However, the devices currently in use are typical of laboratory equipment, requiring expert operators and a complicated, multi-step measurement and analysis process. In addition there have not been systematic studies of variables that are likely to affect measurements in real populations under field conditions such as tooth size and shape, the impact of significant dental work, and demographic differences (such as age, gender, race). To show the feasibility of EPR tooth dosimetry with non-expert users under practical field conditions, the study will: (i) develop hardware and software solutions automating the measurement process; (ii) develop experimental data on the impact of individual differences; and (iii) develop sophisticated sampling and modeling techniques to account for individual differences. The studies will be carried out in collaboration with the Dartmouth EPR Center where, under a subcontract, the unique equipment and experience at Dartmouth will be used to develop experimental data that can be used to account for individual variations; advise on the development of modeling and software to account for individual variations, including testing software models developed by Clin-EPR; to consult on the development of hardware solutions for automating and simplifying measurement processes; and in conjunction with Clin-EPR to implement and test these hardware solutions. Achievement of these goals will enable a second phase of the project in which we will produce a fully functional prototype instrument with capabilities and procedures that will be suitable for operation under field conditions by non-expert operators to assist in the triage of populations that have potentially been exposed to clinically significant amounts of ionizing radiation. Such an instrument could then be prepared in an appropriate form for widespread use to enhance the effectiveness of responses to events in which large numbers of individuals have potentially been exposed to radiation. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The ability to measure individual radiation exposures of people at the site of a recent accident or terrorist event will be a major improvement in the capabilities of the emergency response system to react effectively to the medical challenges created by the potential exposure of large numbers of people to clinically significant levels of ionizing radiation. With the capability of EPR tooth dosimetry to provide after-the-fact estimates of doses to individuals, the medical assets available can be utilized most effectively by identifying those who do not need immediate entry into the health care system and those for whom appropriate and prompt intervention can increase the probability of reducing morbidity and mortality from the exposure to radiation.

描述（由申请人提供）： 拟议项目的目的是确定开发技术和仪器的可行性，使基于体内牙齿测量的 EPR 剂量测定能够处于可由现场非专家人员使用的状态应对大量人员可能严重暴露于电离辐射的辐射事件。达特茅斯正在进行的研究证明了 EPR 牙齿剂量测定的安全性及其量化个人电离辐射暴露的能力。然而，目前使用的设备是典型的实验室设备，需要专业的操作人员和复杂的多步骤测量和分析过程。此外，还没有对可能影响现场条件下真实人群测量的变量进行系统研究，例如牙齿大小和形状、重要牙科工作的影响以及人口差异（例如年龄、性别、种族）。为了展示非专家用户在实际现场条件下进行 EPR 牙齿剂量测量的可行性，该研究将： (i) 开发自动化测量过程的硬件和软件解决方案； (ii) 开发关于个体差异影响的实验数据； (iii) 开发复杂的抽样和建模技术来考虑个体差异。这些研究将与达特茅斯 EPR 中心合作进行，根据分包合同，达特茅斯独特的设备和经验将用于开发可用于解释个体差异的实验数据；就建模和软件的开发提供建议以考虑个体差异，包括测试 Clin-EPR 开发的软件模型；就用于自动化和简化测量过程的硬件解决方案的开发提供咨询；并与 Clin-EPR 结合实施和测试这些硬件解决方案。这些目标的实现将使该项目的第二阶段成为可能，在该阶段中，我们将生产功能齐全的原型仪器，其功能和程序将适合非专业操作员在现场条件下操作，以协助对潜在的人群进行分类暴露于临床上显着量的电离辐射。然后可以以适当的形式准备这种仪器以供广泛使用，以提高对大量人员可能受到辐射的事件的响应效率。公共卫生相关性：测量最近发生事故或恐怖事件现场人员的个人辐射暴露的能力将大大提高应急响应系统的能力，以有效应对大规模潜在辐射造成的医疗挑战。许多人受到具有临床意义的电离辐射水平。由于 EPR 牙齿剂量测定能够为个人提供事后剂量估计，因此可以通过识别哪些人不需要立即进入医疗保健系统以及哪些人适合并及时进入医疗保健系统来最有效地利用可用的医疗资产。干预可以增加降低辐射所致发病率和死亡率的可能性。