Evaluating Modes of Influenza Transmission (EMIT-2) using Innovative Technologies and Designs in Controlled Environments

在受控环境中使用创新技术和设计评估流感传播模式 (EMIT-2)

• 批准号: 10260845
• 负责人: Donald Kirby Milton
• 金额: $ 302.41万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10260845
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Adult; Aerosols; Affect; Air; Animals; Antibodies; Biological Assay; Biomedical Engineering; Biostatistics Core; Breathing; Cell Line; Clinical; Clinical Research; Clinical Trials; Collection; Communication; Community-Acquired Infections; Complex; Controlled Environment; Data; Development; Devices; Disease; Engineering; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologist; Exhalation; Face; Ferrets; Fever; Fractionation; Frequencies; Goals; Growth; Hand; Hemagglutination; Household; Human; Hydrogels; Hygiene; Immunologist; Immunology; Individual; Infection; Infection Control; Infectious Disease Epidemiology; Influenza; Inhalation; Intervention; Knowledge; Liquid substance; Measurable; Measurement; Methods; Modeling; Molds; Monitor; Mucous body substance; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Natural History; Participant; Particle Size; Pathogenesis; Patients; Performance; Physical condensation; Positioning Attribute; Public Health; Quarantine; Randomized; Randomized Clinical Trials; Randomized Controlled Trials; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Support; Resources; Risk; Risk Assessment; Role; Route; Running; Sampling; Sanitation; Science; Scientist; Serology; Severity of illness; Solid; Strategic Planning; Symptoms; System; Technology; Testing; TimeLine; Translating; Viral; Virion; Virus; Virus Shedding; Water; aerosolized; analytical method; analytical tool; base; clinical infrastructure; density; design; digital; environmental intervention; flu transmission; improved; indoor exposure; influenza infection; influenzavirus; inhibiting antibody; innovation; innovative technologies; insight; instrument; multidisciplinary; new technology; novel; particle; quantum; research facility; seasonal influenza; technology development; therapy design; tool; transmission process; trial design; universal influenza vaccine; ventilation; viral transmission; virology; volunteer

Project Summary/Abstract – Overall Component We propose multidisciplinary studies to comprehensively evaluate the roles of contact, fomite, sprayborne, and aerosol transmission and how they interact with ventilation to facilitate human-to-human influenza transmission using a suite of innovative technologies for improved sampling, fractionation, culture, and characterization of influenza virus aerosols. These studies leverage our highly diverse team of experts in bioengineering, aerosol science, human challenge and clinical trials, influenza virology and immunology, infectious diseases epidemiology, aerobiology, and computational fluid dynamics. The proposal is organized around two research projects and three cores. In Research Project 1, “Evaluating Modes of Influenza Transmission using a Randomized Controlled Trial (EMIT-2-RCT)” we will study the impact of two interventions a) ventilation and air sanitation and b) hand hygiene and face shields on transmission of circulating seasonal influenza from naturally infected cases to serologically susceptible volunteers. We will use the RCT to test hypotheses that aerosol transmission is the dominant mode, is associated with greater frequency of fever and systemic symptoms in secondary cases, and that in the absence of hemagglutination inhibiting antibodies, antibodies against other targets will strongly correlate with protection from infection and disease. In Research Project 2, “Developing and Applying Analytical Models of Influenza Transmission” we will use computational fluid dynamics and novel new aerosol measurements to a) design interventions and sampling strategies for the RCT enabling us to distinguish short- and long-range aerosol transmission from sprayborne transmission, b) define the Wells-Riley aerosol quantum of infection in terms of measurable quantities and assess risk at the recipient breathing zone level in both well-mixed and non-well-mixed indoor air conditions, and c) extend our models to household and animal studies and create practical analytical tools for public health scientists to collect data and assess risk in the field. The Research Projects will be enabled by an Advanced Bioaerosol Technology Core (ABTC) that will develop new viral aerosol sampling and culture systems and methods for both ambient and exhaled breath sampling that will validate the RCT design and provide critical inputs to the analytical models. A Clinical and Biostatistics Core (CBC) will provide the clinical infrastructure to perform the complex quarantine studies. The Administrative Core will manage these tightly integrated components to mold transdisciplinary insights into the dynamics and drivers of influenza transmission between humans.

项目摘要/摘要 - 整体组件 我们提出了多学科研究，以全面评估接触，Fomite，Sprayborne和 气雾剂传输及其与通风相互作用，以促进人类到人类影响力的传播 使用一套创新技术来改进采样，分级，培养和表征 流感病毒气溶胶。这些研究利用了我们高度潜水员的生物工程专家团队，气雾剂 科学，人类挑战和临床试验，影响，感染和免疫学，传染病 流行病学，特技生物学和计算流体动力学。该提案围绕两项研究组织 项目和三个核心。在研究项目1中，“使用A评估流感传播模式 随机对照试验（EMIT-2-RCT）”我们将研究两种干预措施的影响a）通风和空气 卫生和b）手工卫生和面部护罩，传播循环季节性影响力 自然感染了血清学易感志愿者的病例。我们将使用RCT检验假设 气雾剂传输是主要模式，与发烧频率更高有关 次要病例的症状，并且在没有血凝的情况下抑制抗体，抗体 针对其他目标将与免受感染和疾病的保护密切相关。在研究项目2中 “开发和应用流感传播的分析模型”，我们将使用计算流体 动力学和新型新的气溶胶测量值A）设计干预措施和抽样策略 RCT使我们能够将短期和远程气溶胶变速箱与Sprayborn Transmans区分开，b） 根据可测量的数量和评估风险来定义井瑞利气溶胶量子的感染量子 接收者呼吸区水平良好和非孔混合的室内空气条件，c）延长我们的 家庭和动物研究的模型，并为公共卫生科学家创建实用的分析工具 在该领域收集数据和评估风险。研究项目将由先进的生物美感启用 技术核心（ABTC）将开发新的病毒气溶胶采样和培养系统和方法 环境和裸露的呼吸抽样都将验证RCT设计并为 分析模型。临床和生物统计学核心（CBC）将提供临床基础设施来执行 复杂的隔离研究。行政核心将管理这些紧密整合的组件以模拟 跨学科的见解对人类之间影响力传播的动态和驱动力。