Neuropixels NXT: Integrated Silicon Probes for Large Scale Extracellular Recording in Rodents and Primates

Neuropixels NXT：用于啮齿动物和灵长类动物大规模细胞外记录的集成硅探针

• 批准号: 10240456
• 负责人: TIMOTHY D HARRIS
• 金额: $ 311.68万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-01 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10240456
• 关键词: 3-Dimensional; Acute; Address; Animals; Area; Arts; BRAIN initiative; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain region; Cells; Chronic; Comb animal structure; Communities; Crowding; Development; Devices; Electronics; Electrophysiology (science); Engineering; Ensure; Environment; Family; Geometry; Goals; Head; Impairment; In Vitro; Letters; Light; Methods; Monitor; Mus; Nature; Neurons; Noise; Output; Performance; Phase; Photophobia; Preparation; Primates; Production; Rattus; Reporting; Research; Rodent; Sales; Side; Silicon; Site; Speed; System; Technology; Test Result; Testing; Thick; Update; Weight; Work; awake; base; cost; data hub; design; digital; experimental study; extracellular; improved; in vivo; manufacturing scale-up; nonhuman primate; optogenetics; phase 1 designs; programs; prototype; relating to nervous system; transmission process; two-dimensional

1 Project Summary: The BRAIN 2025 Report, with the goal to “produce a dynamic picture of the functioning brain 2 by developing and applying improved methods for large-scale monitoring of neural activity” is directly 3 addressed by this application. The Neuropixels probe (Jun et al., Nature 2017) demonstrated that a high 4 channel count Si shank with continuous, dense, programmable sites yielded a large capacity increase in 5 monitoring of neural activity (100's vs. 10's of units for typical devices). Neuropixels NXT will increase 6 substantially the utility of that high capacity shank by optimizing and deploying a new platform technology for 7 neural recording, direct-to-digital. Neuropixels, while revolutionary over prior art, has an integrated probe 8 “base” for amplification and digitization and a digital interface board (head stage) that both reside above the 9 brain. Together, the crowding of these components above the brain limits the number of shanks that can be 10 used in one experimental animal. Follow-on projects are already underway to relieve this crowding and weight 11 such that we expect 2 Neuropixels probes (768 channels of recording capacity) could be used on a freely 12 moving, tethered mouse. While this represents a substantial improvement, it remains far short of the brain wide 13 recording that satisfies the above stated ambition to “produce a dynamic picture of the functioning brain”. 14 Building on the demonstrated performance of the Neuropixels shank, we propose to optimize the base 15 electronics so that a probe with ~768 channels would have a base of < 5mm2 (an 18x shrinkage of the base 16 area per channel compared to Neuropixels, and 6x shrinkage compared to Neuropixels 2.0), require no extra 17 digital interface board (head stage), and instead have a 6-conductor micro-cable between the probe and a high 18 speed data hub for digital transmission that can handle multiple probes simultaneously. This smaller probe 19 base will allow it to be made narrow so that each probe will act as a “unit shank” that can be tiled side-to-side 20 into a “comb”, and combs stacked into 2 dimensional arrays of shanks, yielding dense 3 dimensional arrays of 21 programmable recording sites. We project capacities of >16 shanks (9600 sites/channels, all active) in a 22 mouse, 40 shanks (40,000+ programmable sites, 26,000+ channels) in a rat, and up to 100 shanks (450,000 23 programmable sites, 76.800 channels) in a non-human primate. The work plan will first optimize: 1) the design 24 of the direct-to-digital recording channel pixel for size/noise tradeoff, and 2) the data hub to allow up to 12 25 probes to be served by a single output cable. With this information, a family of “unit shanks” will be produced, 26 ready for sale to the research community, which can be fixtured into a wide variety of recording geometries. 27 These developments in an environment capable of long term manufacture and affordable costs will ensure 28 wide availability.

1项目摘要：大脑2025报告，其目标是“产生功能性大脑的动态图片 2通过开发和应用改进的方法以大规模监测神经活动”是直接的 3该应用程序解决。 Neuropixels探针（Jun等，Nature 2017）证明了高度 4通道计数Si Shank具有连续，密集的可编程站点的能力大大增加 5监测神经活动（典型设备的100与10单位）。 Neuropixels NXT会增加 6基本上通过优化和部署新的平台技术来实现高容量小腿的实用性 7神经记录，直接到数字。 Neuropixels虽然对先前的艺术进行了革命性，但已有综合性证明 8“基础”用于放大和数字化以及数字接口板（头阶段），这两者都位于 9大脑。这些成分在大脑上方的拥挤在一起，限制了可能是柄的数量 10在一个实验动物中使用。后续项目已经在进行，以挽救这种拥挤和体重 11我们期望可以自由地使用2个神经质子问题（768个记录能力频道） 12移动的束缚鼠标。虽然这代表了很大的改进，但它仍然远远远远没有大脑 13记录满足上述雄心勃勃的野心，以“产生功能性大脑的动态图片”。 14建立在神经质子柄的表现的基础上，我们建议优化基础 15个电子设备，因此具有〜768通道的探针的底部<5mm2（底座的18倍收缩） 与Neuropixel相比，每个通道16个面积和6倍收缩与Neuropixels相比，不需要多余 17个数字接口板（头阶段），而是在探头和高探头之间有一个6导动器微杆 18用于数字传输的速度数据中心，可以简单处理多个问题。这个较小的探针 19底座将允许将其缩小，以便每个探测器充当一个可以从侧面铺有瓷砖的“单位小腿” 将20分为“梳子”，梳子堆成2个柄的阵列，产生密集的3个维数阵列 21个可编程录音网站。我们投射> 16杆的能力（9600个站点/频道，全部活跃） 22个鼠标，40柄（40,000多个可编程站点，26,000多个频道），最多100柄（450,000 非人类灵长类动物中的23个可编程站点，76.800频道）。工作计划将首先优化：1）设计 24个直接数字记录通道像素的大小/噪声折衷的像素，以及2）数据中心，最多允许12 25个问题由单个输出电缆服务。有了这些信息，将产生一个“单位柄”家庭 26准备出售给研究社区，可以将其固定成各种各样的录音。 27这些发展在能够长期制造和负担得起的环境中 28广泛的可用性。