Perturbations and Behavior

扰动和行为

• 批准号: 10247575
• 负责人: Carlos D Brody
• 金额: $ 37.66万
• 依托单位: PRINCETON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-28 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10247575
• 关键词: Anatomy; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Bilateral; Biophysics; Brain; Brain region; Catalogs; Cerebellum; Cognition; Complex; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Decision Making; Dorsal; Goals; Head; Hippocampus (Brain); Image; Individual; Investigation; Knowledge; Literature; Maintenance; Memory; Midbrain structure; Mind; Modeling; Motor; Mus; Nature; Neocortex; Neurons; Performance; Phase; Primates; Process; Research; Research Project Grants; Resolution; Rodent; Role; Sensory; Short-Term Memory; Specificity; Task Performances; Techniques; Testing; Training; Update; Ventral Tegmental Area; base; cell type; cognitive ability; cognitive process; distributed memory; experimental study; interest; neural circuit; neural correlate; neural model; neuromechanism; optogenetics; relating to nervous system; tool; virtual; virtual reality

Project Summary: Project 1, Perturbations and Behavior Working memory, the ability to temporarily hold multiple pieces of information in mind for manipulation, is central to virtually all cognitive abilities. This multi-component research project aims to comprehensively dissect the neural circuit mechanisms of this ability across multiple brain areas. The individual parts of the project cohere conceptually, in part, because they all involve rodents trained to perform a type of decision-making task that is based on the gradual accumulation of sensory evidence and thus relies on working memory. Neural correlates of working memory and decision-making are distributed across a very wide range of cortical and subcortical regions, but a complete listing of which of these regions actually cause these processes—and most importantly, what the nature of their contribution might be—remains out of reach. A significant obstacle has been that these processes can evolve rapidly (for example, going from loading an item into working memory, to holding it in memory, to retrieving it) and it is only recently that inactivation tools, such as inhibitory optogenetic molecules, could be turned on and off fast enough to distinguish between different phases. This project will use optogenetic inactivation in combination with this set of closely related working memory and decision-making tasks for the head-fixed rodent. The tasks are amenable to highly quantitative behavioral analysis. These features will allow a systematic and comprehensive quantitative probe of the causal contribution to working memory and decision-making of a very large set of regions across the dorsal cortex, deeper cortices, and targeted subcortical regions, including the cerebellum, the ventral tegmental area, the hippocampus, and the striatum. Other experiments will study the causal contributions of different genetically defined cell types, in targeted brain regions. Taken together, these experiments are expected to provide detailed information about how the interaction of particular neurons in the brain produces working memory and decisions, increasing knowledge about the brain basis of cognition.

项目摘要：项目1，扰动和行为 工作记忆，暂时牢记多个信息进行操作的能力是 几乎所有认知能力的核心。这个多组分研究项目旨在全面 在多个大脑区域剖析了这种能力的神经回路机制。各个部分 从概念上讲，Project Conhere在某种程度上是因为它们都涉及训练的啮齿动物 基于感官证据的成绩积累，因此依赖于决策任务 工作记忆。工作记忆和决策的神经相关性分布在一个非常 多种皮质和皮层下区域，但这些区域中的哪个实际上是完整的清单 这些过程 - 最重要的是，他们的贡献的本质可能是遥不可及的。 一个重要的障碍是这些过程可以迅速发展（例如，从加载一个 项目中的项目记忆，将其保存在内存中，以检索它），直到最近才使灭活工具， 例如抑制性光遗传学分子，可以足够快地打开和关闭以区分 不同的阶段。该项目将使用光遗传学灭活与这组密切相关 固定啮齿动物的工作记忆和决策任务。这些任务非常适合 定量行为分析。这些功能将允许进行系统，全面的定量探测 对工作记忆的因果关系贡献和在整个地区的大量地区的决策 背皮，更深的皮层和靶向皮层区域，包括小脑，腹侧 支段区域，海马和纹状体。其他实验将研究 在靶向大脑区域中，不同遗传定义的细胞类型。两者一起，这些实验是 期望提供有关大脑中特定神经元如何相互作用的详细信息 工作记忆和决策，增加对认知大脑基础的知识。