Low-Dose Exposure to Ionizing Radiation in Adulthood and Subsequent Cancer

成年期低剂量电离辐射暴露和随后的癌症

基本信息

批准号：
10021635
负责人：
DAVID B RICHARDSON
金额：
$ 34.75万
依托单位：
UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-20 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10021635
关键词：
Accounting Acute Address Adult Age Aging American Animals Cancer Etiology Carcinogens Cells Cities Cohort Studies Computational Biology Costs and Benefits Decision Making Diagnostic Dose Dose-Rate Effectiveness Elderly Exposure to France Future Health Individual International Ionizing radiation Japanese Population Laboratory Study Literature Low Dose Radiation Malignant Neoplasms Medical Modeling Monitor Organism Population Predisposition Procedures Radiation Radiation Dose Unit Radiation Monitoring Radiation Protection Radiation exposure Radiation-Induced Cancer Radiation-Protective Agents Recommendation Risk Risk Assessment Risk Estimate Role Site Source Survivors Time Tissues Translations Uncertainty United Kingdom Update Variant War Work age effect age related atomic bomb base cancer epidemiology cancer risk cancer site cancer type cohort epidemiology study follow-up improved innovation irradiation lifetime risk mortality risk radiation risk

项目摘要

ABSTRACT Unlike most carcinogens, which have been reduced or removed once recognized, ionizing radiation exposure has increased in the USA over the last 3 decades. The typical American's annual radiation dose has doubled over that period primarily due to increasing exposure to radiation from diagnostic medical procedures, such as CT exams. The doses from such procedures are typically quite low, but may be repeated over time and increase over adulthood. The aim of this project is to strengthen understanding of cancer risk associated with repeated, low dose exposure to ionizing radiation in adulthood. Among the most promising epidemiological studies of cancer risk following low dose ionizing radiation exposures are cohort studies of people who have been individually monitored for radiation exposure through personal radiation dosimeters. We have assembled an international cohort of 308,000 radiation dosimeter-monitored workers from some of the world's most informative cohorts in the United Kingdom, France, and USA. Here we propose major updates of each these cohorts and an innovative set of analyses to directly address questions relevant to radiation protection and decision making regarding low dose rate external ionizing radiation exposures. Specifically, we propose to assess: 1) cancer site-specific ionizing radiation risks; 2) age-related changes in susceptibility to low dose ionizing radiation; 3) persistence with time since exposure in excess relative rate of cancer among older adults, accounting for competing risks; and, 4) population-level estimates of the impact of low dose ionizing radiation exposures on cancer risk. The proposed study is likely to exert a sustained influence on the field and make a major contribution to national and international radiation protection recommendations. The evidence from the proposed study will help to inform cost-benefit assessments, and understanding of the role of increasing exposures to ionizing radiation on cancer rates.

抽象的与大多数识别后已减少或去除的大多数致癌物不同，电离辐射暴露在过去的3年中，美国有所增加。典型的美国人的年度辐射剂量增加了一倍在此期间，主要是由于诊断医疗程序受到辐射的影响，例如 CT考试。此类程序的剂量通常很低，但可能会随着时间的流逝而重复成年后增加。该项目的目的是加强对重复，低剂量相关的癌症风险的理解在成年期暴露于电离辐射。癌症风险最有希望的流行病学研究之一在低剂量的电离辐射暴露之后，是对单独的人的队列研究通过个人辐射剂量计监测辐射暴露。我们已经组建了国际来自世界上一些最有用的人群中的308,000个辐射剂量计监测机构的工人英国，法国和美国。在这里，我们提出了每个同伙的重大更新，创新的分析集以直接解决与辐射保护和决策有关的问题关于低剂量速率外部电离辐射暴露。具体来说，我们建议评估：1）癌症特定地点电离辐射风险； 2）与年龄相关的低剂量电离辐射的敏感性变化； 3）由于暴露于老年人的癌症相对相对率过多以来，持久性随着时间而言竞争风险； 4）低剂量电离辐射暴露对人口级的估计值癌症风险。拟议的研究可能会对该领域产生持续的影响，并成为主要的对国家和国际辐射保护建议的贡献。来自拟议的研究将有助于为成本效益评估提供信息，并了解增加的作用暴露于癌症发生率电离辐射。