AUDITORY TRAINING AND TALKER VARIABILITY

听觉训练和说话者的可变性

• 批准号: 7618412
• 负责人: Nancy Ann Tye-Murray
• 金额: $ 29.07万
• 依托单位: WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-04-29 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7618412
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; Age; Aptitude; Audiology; Auditory; Classification; Clinical; Cognitive Science; Communication; Control Groups; Devices; Effectiveness; Evaluation; Evidence based practice; Face; Foundations; Goals; Hearing; Hearing Aids; Heterogeneity; Hour; Individual; Individual Differences; Instruction; Language; Language Development; Learning; Literature; Maps; Measures; Memory; Methods; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Performance; Persons; Procedures; Protocols documentation; Psychology; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Personnel; Sample Size; Sampling; Schedule; Speech; Speech Perception; Stimulus; Testing; Time; Training; Training Programs; United States; base; computerized; design; experience; hearing impairment; improved; interest; lexical; longitudinal design; novel; patient population; phonology; public health relevance; speech recognition; success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Adults who receive hearing aids or other assistive listening devices are often dissatisfied with the limited benefits that they receive. As a result, many hearing aid users seek auditory training to enhance their listening abilities. The goal of this training is to provide long-term benefits that extend beyond the duration of training and that generalize to material and speakers not previously encountered. Unfortunately, there has been little systematic evaluation of how well auditory training leads to improvements in listening performance and whether improvements are maintained over time. Previous studies often suffer from methodological limitations, such as small sample size, absence of control groups, variability in clinician aptitude, limitations in testing protocols, or some combination of these. This project will be the first large-scale study to address the effectiveness of auditory training longitudinally, to compare training methods, and to identify patient variables that predict benefit. For the first specific aim, 70 adult hearing aid users will receive 16 hours of computerized traditional single-talker auditory training during an 8-week period. Their speech recognition performance will be compared to that of a control group of 70 hearing aid users on 4 occasions: pre-training, immediate post- training, 3 months following training, and 6 months following training. Performance will be evaluated with consonant, word, sentence, and perhaps most importantly because of their high face validity, discourse stimuli. The control group will receive qualitatively and quantitatively similar training, albeit in a non-auditory form. For the second specific aim, the effectiveness of a novel method of auditory training will be evaluated. A new group of 70 adult hearing aid users will complete 16 hours of computerized multiple-talker auditory training and complete the same testing schedule as the other participants. Research from memory and second language learning literature leads to the prediction that multiple-talker instruction will be more effective than single-talker instruction in improving listening performance. For the third specific aim, factors that predict long-term, generalizable benefit, such as duration of hearing aid use, will be identified. This project brings together expertise from the fields of audiology, second language acquisition, and cognitive science. It represents a unique opportunity to document the efficacy of auditory training, to improve upon existing auditory training procedures, and to develop predictions about which patients are most likely to receive benefit. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE Over thirty-one million persons in the United States have hearing loss. Many experience listening difficulties, even after receiving appropriate amplification. The goals of this project are to evaluate whether auditory training can enhance listening performance in persons who have hearing loss and to compare two different training paradigms.

描述（由申请人提供）：接受助听器或其他助听设备的成年人通常对他们获得的有限福利不满意。因此，许多助听器使用者寻求听觉训练来提高他们的听力能力。本次培训的目标是提供超出培训持续时间的长期益处，并推广到以前未遇到过的材料和演讲者。不幸的是，对于听觉训练如何改善听力表现以及这种改善是否能随着时间的推移而保持，几乎没有系统的评估。以前的研究经常受到方法学上的限制，例如样本量小、缺乏对照组、临床医生能力的可变性、测试方案的限制或这些因素的组合。该项目将是第一个纵向解决听觉训练有效性、比较训练方法并确定预测益处的患者变量的大规模研究。对于第一个具体目标，70 名成年助听器用户将在 8 周内接受 16 小时的计算机化传统单人听觉训练。他们的语音识别性能将在 4 个场合与由 70 名助听器用户组成的对照组进行比较：训练前、训练后立即、训练后 3 个月和训练后 6 个月。表现将通过辅音、单词、句子进行评估，也许最重要的是因为它们的高表面效度和话语刺激。对照组将接受质量和数量上相似的培训，尽管是非听觉形式。对于第二个具体目标，将评估一种新颖的听觉训练方法的有效性。由 70 名成年助听器用户组成的新小组将完成 16 小时的计算机化多说话者听觉训练，并完成与其他参与者相同的测试计划。对记忆和第二语言学习文献的研究表明，在提高听力表现方面，多人教学将比单人教学更有效。对于第三个具体目标，将确定预测长期、普遍益处的因素，例如助听器使用的持续时间。该项目汇集了听力学、第二语言习得和认知科学领域的专业知识。它提供了一个独特的机会来记录听觉训练的功效、改进现有的听觉训练程序以及预测哪些患者最有可能受益。公共卫生相关性 美国有超过 3100 万人患有听力损失。即使在接受适当的扩音之后，许多人仍会遇到听力困难。该项目的目标是评估听觉训练是否可以提高听力损失者的听力表现，并比较两种不同的训练范例。