Walking, exploration, and language in high and low risk infants

高风险和低风险婴儿的行走、探索和语言

基本信息

批准号：
10375463
负责人：
Julie A Fiez
金额：
$ 50.55万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-04-01 至 2025-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The onset of walking and growth in social communication and language are likely to be intimately connected. Advances in walking facilitate infants’ exploration of the environment and lead to alterations in caregiver input; and these changes in turn provide expanded opportunities for the development of social communication and language. Relative to crawlers, walkers have greater access to distal objects, explore the environment more efficiently, move more with objects in hand, initiate social interaction more easily, and carry objects to caregivers in communicative bids creating moments of shared attention during which caregiver language input is likely to be maximally effective. Delays in the emergence and development of walking may therefore reduce opportunities for exploration and social interaction and diminish rich caregiver input beneficial for the growth of social communication and language. The purpose of this research is to conduct a detailed examination of this unstudied developmental pathway by providing prospective, longitudinal data on the emergence and development of walking, changes in locomotor exploration, advances in infant communication, alterations in caregiver communicative input, and later developments in language from 6 to 36 months of age. The study design involves intensive longitudinal observations that combine standard gait data with a rich array of infant motor, exploration, and communicative behaviors and caregiver input to be coded from video. This will permit close tracking of advances in walking, locomotor exploration, and infant and caregiver communication and evaluation of their relationship to later child language outcomes. By comparing infants known to be at heightened risk (HR) for motor and communicative delays (viz., infants with an older sibling diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder) to infants with no known risk (low-risk infants, LR), this research will yield a wealth of data not only on fundamental developmental processes but on the effects of developmental delays during a critical period in development. It will also yield a deeper understanding of the ways in which infant exploration and communication and caregiver input change when infants begin to walk, and thus it will lay the groundwork for the development of novel interventions that can be delivered early with the goal of enhancing social communication and language outcomes in infants with early motor delays with a broad range of etiologies. !

项目摘要社会交流和语言中的步行和成长的开始很可能是密切的连接。步行设施婴儿对环境的探索进展，并导致改变照顾者输入；这些变化反过来为发展社会提供了扩展的机会沟通和语言。相对于爬行者，步行者可以更多地进入远端对象，探索环境更有效，手头上的物体移动更多，更轻松地启动社交互动，然后携带反对交流出价的看护人的对象，引起了共同关注的时刻，在此期间语言输入可能最大程度地有效。步行的出现和发展延迟可能因此，减少了探索和社交互动的机会，并减少了丰富的照顾者投入有益的为了增长社会交流和语言。这项研究的目的是进行详细的通过提供有关前瞻性的纵向数据来检查这种未研究的发展途径步行的出现和发展，运动探索的变化，婴儿交流的进展，看护人沟通输入的变化，以及后来的6个月大的语言发展。研究设计涉及密集的纵向观察，将标准收集数据与丰富的阵列相结合婴儿电机，探索和传达行为和护理人员输入要从视频中进行编码。这会允许密切跟踪步行，运动探索以及婴儿和照顾者交流的进步并评估他们与后来儿童的结果的关系。通过比较已知的婴儿电动机和通信延迟的风险增加（HR）自闭症谱系障碍）对于没有已知风险的婴儿（低风险婴儿，LR），这项研究将产生财富不仅对基本发展过程的数据，而且对发展过程中发展延迟的影响发展的关键时期。它还将对婴儿探索方式有更深入的了解当婴儿开始走路时，沟通和照顾者的输入变化，因此它将奠定基础为了开发新的干预措施，可以尽早提供以增强社会的目的具有广泛病因的早期运动延迟的婴儿的沟通和语言结果。呢