Understanding the contributions of the neighborhood social environment to cardiovascular disease risk factors in a multi-ethnic cohort of Chicago women

了解社区社会环境对芝加哥多种族女性群体心血管疾病危险因素的影响

基本信息

批准号：
9789929
负责人：
Kiarri N Kershaw
金额：
$ 7.9万
依托单位：
NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-09-23 至 2020-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

ABSTRACT While several advances have been made in the assessment of the impact of the neighborhood built environment (i.e., physical attributes like grocery stores or parks) on cardiometabolic disease risk, fewer gains have been made in understanding the contributions of the neighborhood social environment (i.e., socioeconomic composition, crime, and collective efficacy). Most prior neighborhood research on the social environment has utilized U.S. Census indicators, to characterize neighborhood features.14 Although these measures can sufficiently capture the role of neighborhood-level socioeconomic disadvantage and racial/ethnic residential segregation, they are more limited in their ability to assess the influence of other aspects of the social environment related to crime and collective efficacy like economic disinvestment and physical disorder. This is especially problematic at a time when public health practitioners are being called on to identify salient targets for more collaborative, cross-sector approaches to addressing social determinants of health. In recognition of this gap in the field, the objective of this application is to use more novel, widely available data sources to investigate the contributions of under-studied aspects of the social environment to cardiometabolic disease risk in a sample of women ages 18-44 living in the city of Chicago. We will achieve this objective in part by taking advantage of Google's “Street View” feature, which makes it possible to assess these features virtually by viewing high resolution images of neighborhoods of interest and taking a virtual “walk” through the neighborhood.17-19 We will also use a combination of business location databases, housing stock and affordability data, and American Community Survey data. The successful execution of these aims will meaningfully improve the field by testing the influence of multiple objective, cost-effective, and scalable measures of the social environment on cardiometabolic disease risk.

抽象的虽然在评估邻里建造的影响时已经取得了一些进步环境（即杂货店或公园等物理属性）对心脏代谢疾病风险，较少的收益已经在了解邻里社会环境的贡献（即社会经济组成，犯罪和集体效率）。关于社会的大多数邻里研究环境已经利用了美国人口普查指标来表征邻里功能。14尽管这些措施可以充分捕捉邻里级别的社会经济灾难和种族/种族的作用居民种族隔离，他们在评估其他方面的影响的能力上受到更大的限制与犯罪和集体效率有关的社会环境，例如经济投资和身体障碍。在要求公共卫生从业者识别出色的时候，这尤其有问题实现更合作的跨部门方法来解决健康的社会决定者的目标。在识别该领域的这一差距，该应用程序的目的是使用更多新颖，可广泛的数据调查社会环境对心脏代谢的研究不足方面的贡献的来源居住在芝加哥市的18-44岁妇女样本中的疾病风险。我们将实现这一目标一部分通过利用Google的“街景”功能，这使得评估这些功能成为可能实际上，通过查看感兴趣的社区的高分辨率图像，并在 17-19我们还将结合业务位置数据库，住房库存和负担能力数据和美国社区调查数据。这些目标的成功执行将通过测试多个目标，具有成本效益和可扩展的影响来有意义地改善该领域社会环境对心脏代谢疾病风险的衡量标准。