Attention Bias as an Etiologic Factor in Primary and Secondary Insomnia

注意力偏差是原发性和继发性失眠的一个病因

• 批准号: 7649298
• 负责人: Michael Lloyd Perlis
• 金额: $ 28.35万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-03 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7649298
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Affect; Age; Arousal; Attention; Biological Assay; Brain; Brain region; Characteristics; Chronic Insomnia; Cities; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Collaborations; Collection; Cultural Diversity; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Diagnosis; Dimensions; Disease; Doctor of Philosophy; Electroencephalography; Emotional; Enrollment; Ensure; Equipment; Ethnic group; Etiology; Event; Exclusion; Exclusion Criteria; Exhibits; Face; Functional Imaging; Functional disorder; Generic Drugs; Goals; Grant; Habits; Home environment; Imaging Techniques; Incidence; Individual; Intake; Interview; Investigation; Laboratories; Laboratory Research; Maintenance; Major Depressive Disorder; Measurement; Measures; Medical; Medicine; Mental Health; Mentorship; Metabolism; Methods; Mission; Modeling; Neurosecretory Systems; Online Systems; Outcomes Research; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Patients; Performance; Performance at work; Phenotype; Physiological; Pilot Projects; Polysomnography; Population; Preparation; Prevalence; Procedures; Process; Protocols documentation; Psyche structure; Psychiatry; Psychophysiological Insomnia; Quality of life; Race; Recruitment Activity; Relative (related person); Research; Research Project Grants; Risk; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Screening procedure; Secondary Insomnia; Semantics; Sensitivity and Specificity; Severities; Site; Sleep; Sleep Deprivation; Sleep disturbances; Sleeplessness; Staging; Stimulus; Sum; Testing; Text; Thinking; Training; Translating; Treatment outcome; United States; Universities; Visit; Wakefulness; Woman; Work; age group; base; bodily sensation; candidate marker; computerized; demographics; depression; design; diaries; experience; heart rate variability; indexing; information processing; instrument; interest; men; neurophysiology; processing speed; professor; programs; psychologic; research study; response; selective attention; sex; sleep onset; sleep onset insomnia; success; theories; tool; treatment strategy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Relatively little research has been undertaken to determine what insomnia is and how insomnia may confer risk for other disease states. The lack of research may be due, in part, to the fact that the insomnia phenotype lacks objective markers, and that this is especially true for the phenomenon of cognitive arousal. This concept, while critical 1) to the patient's experience of insomnia and 2) for many etiologic theories about insomnia, is traditionally measured only by self-report. An alternative may be to use performance based measures of attentional processing. Experimental 'probe' tasks, indexing processing speed, have been used productively to explore the role of cognition in relation to wide range of psychological and habit disorders. To date, three types of task have been evaluated in patients with insomnia. These studies have successfully demonstrated the phenomenon of sleep-related attention bias, in patients with Psychophysiologic Insomnia, to semantic and pictorial stimuli. Proposed Study: The aim of the present study is to further explore the critical components of attentional processing with a view to identifying a candidate 'marker' for insomnia. In order to accomplish this, three domains of cognitive arousal will be evaluated in 4 groups. These domains are subjective mental experience (self report), performance (attentional processing) and cortical activity (qEEG). Self-report data and facial EMG will also be used to index other dimensions of arousal. The four subject groups will be Healthy Good Sleepers, patients with Psychophysiologic Insomnia and patients with Insomnia associated with Depression (acute and remitted). The primary goals will be to determine ) the extent to which the groups differ across these three cognitive domains, 2) the component processes of attention most critical to this differentiation and 3) the relative predictive utility of each of the attentional measures (viz. diagnosis).

描述（由申请人提供）：确定什么是失眠以及失眠如何导致其他疾病状态的风险的研究相对较少。研究的缺乏可能部分是由于失眠表型缺乏客观标记，对于认知唤醒现象尤其如此。这一概念虽然对于 1) 患者的失眠经历和 2) 对于许多有关失眠的病因学理论至关重要，但传统上仅通过自我报告来衡量。另一种方法可能是使用基于性能的注意力处理测量方法。实验性“探索”任务，索引处理速度，已被有效地用于探索认知在广泛的心理和习惯障碍中的作用。迄今为止，已经对失眠患者进行了三种类型的任务评估。这些研究成功地证明了心理生理性失眠患者对语义和图像刺激的与睡眠相关的注意力偏差现象。 拟议研究：本研究的目的是进一步探索注意力处理的关键组成部分，以期确定失眠的候选“标记”。为了实现这一目标，认知唤醒的三个领域将分为 4 组进行评估。这些领域是主观心理体验（自我报告）、表现（注意力处理）和皮质活动（qEEG）。自我报告数据和面部肌电图也将用于索引其他维度的唤醒。这四个受试者组将是健康良好睡眠者、心理生理性失眠患者和抑郁症相关失眠患者（急性和缓解型）。主要目标是确定 ) 各组在这三个认知领域的差异程度，2) 对这种差异最关键的注意力组成过程，以及 3) 每个注意力测量的相对预测效用（即诊断） ）。