A primate model of an intra-cortically controlled FES prosthesis for grasp

用于抓握的皮质内控制 FES 假肢的灵长类动物模型

• 批准号: 7545455
• 负责人: Lee Miller
• 金额: $ 32.04万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7545455
• 关键词: Accounting; Algorithms; Area; Attention; Brain; Cervical; Conscious; Contracts; Data; Development; Discrimination; Elbow; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Environment; Forearm; Freedom; Goals; Hand; Human; Implant; Individual; Injury; Intramuscular; Lateral; Learning; Local Anesthetics; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Monkeys; Motor; Motor Cortex; Movement; Muscle; Nerve; Nerve Block; Neurons; Paralysed; Patients; Pattern; Performance; Primates; Process; Prosthesis; Quadriplegia; Research Personnel; Sampling; Series; Shoulder; Signal Transduction; Spinal cord injury; Staging; Stimulus; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Universities; Upper Extremity; Upper arm; base; brain computer interface; design; grasp; improved functioning; median nerve; neuromuscular; neuroprosthesis; programs

The goal of this project is to develop a primate model of an upper extremity neuromuscularstimulation system controlled by means of intra-cortical recording electrodes. Individuals with spinal cord injury become paralyzed because they have lost the ability to activate their muscles. These patients' muscles can still be made to contract if they are activated by means of electrical stimuli applied directly to the muscle or nerves. Likewise, the areas of the brain that normally control movement are still active, but their connection to the muscles has been lost as a result of the injury. Researchers at Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) have demonstrated that implanted functional electrical stimulation (FES) neuroprostheses can be used to restore grasp functions to individuals with tetraplegia. Although remarkable, these systems are limited to pre-programmed grasp patterns, and require considerable conscious attention. A more natural control system, with more degrees of freedom could provide greatly improved function. At Northwestern, we have developed methods to predict the activity of arm and hand muscles during grasping movements based on micro-electrode recordings from the brain of a monkey. From a single, chronicallyimplanted array of electrodes, predictionscan be made of the activity of shoulder, arm and hand muscles. This type of electrode has yielded maintained recordings for periods in excess of 3 years, and it has recently been approved for experimental use in human patients. We believe that intra-cortical recordings like these provide the potential for simultaneouscontrol of multipledegrees of freedom through natural thought processes. By combining the strengths of the Northwestern and CWRU groups, we propose to develop a brain-computer interface adequate for controlling a neuroprosthesis. The development of a primate model of this neuroprosthetic system would be a major step toward its implementation in human patients. This application includes the following specific aims: 1) We propose to use a 100-electrode array implanted in the primary motor cortex of a mnkey to provide the input to a set of decoders designed to produce real-time predictions of the activity of particular hand muscles. 2) We propose to use the control algorithms developed in aim 1 and an implanted FES prosthesis to restore grasp followingtemporary muscle paralysis induced by a pharmacological nerve block. 3) We propose to develop these control algorithms without the use of initial EMG measurements, as would be necessary in order to implement the system for a patient.

该项目的目的是开发上肢神经刺激的灵长类动物模型 通过皮质内记录电极控制的系统。患有脊髓损伤的人 瘫痪是因为他们失去了激活肌肉的能力。这些患者的肌肉仍然可以 如果通过直接应用于肌肉或神经的电刺激激活它们，则可以收缩。 同样，通常控制运动运动的大脑区域仍然活跃，但它们与 肌肉因受伤而失去。 Case Western Reserve University（CWRU）的研究人员表明，植入功能 电刺激（FES）神经pho虫可用于恢复对患有 四方。尽管很显着，但这些系统仅限于预先编程的掌握模式，并且需要 大量有意识的关注。一个更自然的控制系统，具有更高的自由度 提供大大改善的功能。在西北地区，我们开发了预测活性的方法 基于微电极记录的大脑，手臂和手部肌肉在抓握运动过程中 猴。从单个慢性散播的电极阵列中，可以预测 肩膀，手臂和手部肌肉。这种类型的电极已得出的时期保持了记录 超过3年，最近已批准用于人类患者的实验用途。我们相信 类似的皮质记录为同时control的多种综合物提供 通过自然思考过程的自由。通过结合西北和CWRU的优势 小组，我们建议开发出足以控制神经假体的脑部计算机界面。这 发展该神经假体系统的灵长类动物模型将是迈向其迈出的一步 在人类患者中实施。该应用程序包括以下特定目标： 1）我们建议使用植入MNKEY主电机皮层中的100电极阵列来提供 输入一组旨在产生特定手肌活动的实时预测的解码器。 2）我们建议使用AIM 1中开发的控制算法和植入的FES假体来恢复 由药理神经阻滞诱导的临时肌肉瘫痪。 3）我们建议 在不使用初始EMG测量的情况下开发这些控制算法，这是必要的 为了为患者实施系统。